Cardio- Infections Flashcards Preview

Pharmacology & Drugs > Cardio- Infections > Flashcards

Flashcards in Cardio- Infections Deck (32)
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1
Q

What is the treatment for Staphylcoccus aureus caused endocarditis when it is methicillin resistant

A
  • Nafcillin

- Oxacillin

2
Q

Why is clindamycin in the case of ARF relatively reserved from treatment

A

Can lead to the opportunity for C. Difficile

3
Q

What is the treatment for Staphylcoccus aureus caused endocarditis when it is with a patient if mild penicillin allergy

A

Cefazolin

4
Q

What is the common cause of infective endocarditis due to a skin lesion

A

Staphylococci

5
Q

What is the empiric treatment for acute rheumatic fever

A

-Penicillin G and gentamicin

6
Q

What is the common cause of infective endocarditis due to an URI

A

-HÁČEK group

7
Q

What is the common cause of infective endocarditis due to an oral lesion

A

-Streptococcal viridans

8
Q

What is the mechanism of action for daptomycin

A

Binds to the cell membrane via the calcium-dependent insertion of its lipid tail leading to depolarization, potassium efflux, and rapid cell death

9
Q

What is the mechanism of action fo colchicine

A

-Antiinflammatory action mediated by binding to tubulin, preventing polymerization and inhibition of leukocyte migration and phagocytosis

10
Q

What is the treatment for Staphylcoccus aureus caused endocarditis when it is MRSA

A

Vancomycin

-Alternate is daptomycin

11
Q

What is the target for daptomyocin

A

Gram positive bacteria, similar to MRSA

12
Q

What is the drug class of gentamycin

A

Aminoglycosides

13
Q

What is the treatment for HÁČEK group caused endocarditis

A

Ceftriaxone

14
Q

What is the treatment for Staphylcoccus aureus caused endocarditis when it is a brain abcess

A

Nafcillin

15
Q

What is used to track treatment in immunocompetent patients

A

CRP

16
Q

What is the treatment for enterococcus (mainly faecalis) caused endocarditis

A

-Gentamicin and penicillin or ampicillin or vancomycin

17
Q

What is the treatment for pericarditis in immunocompetent patients

A

NSAIDs and colchicine

18
Q

What is the empirical treatment for infective endocarditis

A

IV vancomycin and ceftriaxone

19
Q

What is the stereotypical lesion found in infective endocarditis

A

-Vegetation

20
Q

What are the adverse effects of colchicine

A

Diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, hairloss, Peripheral neuritis, myopathy

21
Q

What portions of the heart are commonly affected with acute rheumatic fever (ARF)

A

Valves, especially the mitral valve

22
Q

What is the treatment for Staphylcoccus aureus caused endocarditis when it is a severe penicillin allergy

A
  • Vancomycin

- Daptomycin

23
Q

Which form of cochicine is most commonly shown to have adverse effects

A

IV over oral

24
Q

What is the process of desensitization

A

Small dose of penicillin is given every 15-30 minutes following no reaction until 2 million units is reached

25
Q

What is the treatment for Streptococcus Viridans caused endocarditis when it is with a patient with severe penicillin allergy

A
  • Preferred is penicillin G desensitization

- Vancomycin

26
Q

What is the treatment for S. Epidermidis and other coagulase negative staphylococci caused endocarditis

A

Vancomycin

27
Q

IN the case of ARF in patients with a beta lactam allergy, what is the drug of choice

A

-Myocins aka macrolides

Erythromycin, axithromycin, clarithromycin

28
Q

What is the treatment for Streptococcus Viridans caused endocarditis when it is needed for a shorter drug course and without renal disease

A

-Gentamycin plus penicillin or ceftriaxone

29
Q

What is given to patients with ARF for treatment of the joint pains and fever

A

-NSAIDs like aspirin or naproxen

30
Q

What is the treatment for Streptococcus Viridans caused endocarditis when it is to a patient with mild penicillin allergy

A
  • Ceftriaxone

- Gentamycin with ceftriaxone

31
Q

Acute Rheumatic fever (ARF) is usually following which event and in which age group

A

Infection with a group A streptococcus URI in children 5-14

32
Q

What is the treatment for Streptococcus Viridans caused endocarditis when it is highly penicillin susceptible

A
  • Penicillin G

- Ceftiaxone