Block 56: Lung Flashcards
(46 cards)
Bronchiectasis
bronchial thickening and dilation to due to a recurrent cycle of bacterial infection, inflammation and tissue damage
In young patient, most common underlying etiology for bronchiectasis is
cystic fibrosis
where in the lung is bronchiectasis due to cystic fibrosis located
upper lung lobe
common side effect of systemic glucocorticoids seen in labs
leukocytosis with neutrophilic predominance
what lab value is expected for hypersensitivity reaction
eosinophilia
MOA of ACE
metabolism of kinins and substanceP
destruction and permanent damage of the conducting airway occurs in
bronchiectasis
pt with COPD and acute-onset shortness of breath, hypoxia and unilaterally decreased breath sounds likely has? most common cause?
secondary spontaneous pneumothorax
- alveolar blebs
risk factors for obstructive atelectasis
- foreign body aspiration
- malignancy
- severe pneumonia ( mucus plug)
pts develop what after a fat embolsm
- respiratory distress
- neurological abnormalities
- petechial rash
acute dyspnea and hypoxia after motor vehicle collision likely has what
pulmonary contusion
- he was prone to blunt thoracic trauma
clinical feature of pulmonary contusion
intra-alveolar hemorrhage and edema
some clinical features to look for in pulmonary embolism
- pleuritic chest pain
- tachypnea
- atrial fibrillation
triad for cardiac tamponade
- distant heart sounds
- hypotension
- jugular venous distension
pleuritic chest pain
pain when you breathe, cough and sneeze
Peak airway pressure equation
Airway resistance + plateau pressure
plateau pressure equation
elastic pressure + positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)
How is PEEP calculated
end-expiratory hold maneuver
lung compliance
ability to expand
how does pneumonia cause hypoxemia
right-to-left intrapulmonary shunting
V/Q mismatch
how is theophylline meabolized
cytochrome oxidase in liver
antibiotic known to decrease theophylline clearance
ciprofloxacin
patient with acute presentation of dyspnea, chest pain, tachycardia, hypoxia, and clear lung sounds has
PE
most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia
strept. pneumoniae
