Deck 73: Endocrine

Question 1

3 treatment options for Graves

Answer 1

Anti-thyroid drugs
radioactive iodine therapy
thyroidectomy

Question 2

Patient with sore throat and fever taking Methimazole?

Answer 2

agranulocytosis

stop drug

Question 3

name 2 antithyroid drugs

Answer 3

propylthiouracil

Methimazole

Question 4

black box warning for propylthiouracil

Answer 4

severe liver injury

Question 5

what do you give first trimester pregnancy when patient is hyperthyroid

Answer 5

Propylthiouracil

Question 6

insulin is made from what cells

Answer 6

beta-cells

Question 7

hypothyroidism can cause what metabolic abnormalities? what some metabolic conditions these patients have

Answer 7

• hyperlipidemia
• hyponatremia
• asymptomatic Cr and serum transaminases increase
• hypercholestrolemia
• hypertriglyceridemia

Question 8

initial screening test for primary hyperaldosteronism? confirmatory test

Answer 8

plasma aldosterone/ plasma rennin

Adrenal suppression

Question 9

most sensitive test for adrenal adenoma vs. bilateral adrenal hyperplasia in patients without discrete unilateral adrenal mass on imaging

Answer 9

adrenal venous sampling

Question 10

first line treatment for central Diabetes insipidus

Answer 10

Desmopressin (intranasal)

Question 11

what distinguishes central and nephrogenic diabetes

Answer 11

water deprivation and then give desmopressin

central: increase urine osmolality

Question 12

Treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome

Answer 12

weight loss
oral contraceptive ( estrogen and progestin)

Question 13

Best markers for indicating resolution of DKA are

Answer 13

• serum anion gap

- beta-hydroxybutyrate levels

Question 14

who should always receive a statin regardless

Answer 14

diabetic age 40-75

Question 15

what is A1c level with adequately controlled diabetes

Answer 15

less than 7.0

Question 16

fever, neck pain, and a tender goiter following an upper respiratory illness

Answer 16

subacute ( de Quervain ) thyroiditis

Question 17

treatment for subacute (de Quervain) thyroiditis

Answer 17

symptomatic with beta blockers and NSAIDS

Question 18

weight gain, psychiatric symptoms, hirsutism, hypertension and hyperglyciemia

Answer 18

cushing

Question 19

what causes milk-alkali syndrome

Answer 19

excessive intake of calcium and absorbable alkali

Question 20

in hyperthyroidism increased radioactive iodine uptake suggests

Answer 20

de novo thyroid hormone synthesis

Question 21

in hyperthyroidism, decreased radioactive iodine uptake suggests

Answer 21

release of preformed hormone or exogenous hormone intake

Question 22

thyrotoxicosis due to exogenous thyroid hormone is characterized by

Answer 22

low serum thyroglobulin levels

Question 23

most common cause of neuropathic ulcers

Answer 23

diabetes

Question 24

treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism who present with symptoms or have increased risk of complication

Answer 24

parathyroidectomy

Question 25

Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, early satiety, postprandial fullness, and impaired glycemic control

Answer 25

diabetic gastroparesis

Question 26

treatment for diabetic gastroparesis

Answer 26

Prokinetic agents | metoclopramide, erythromycin, cisapride

Question 27

how does carcinoid tumor cause of vitamin deficiency

Answer 27

- increases production of serotonin from tryptophan ( required for niacin)

Question 28

what drug is used to prevent diabetic nephropathy

Answer 28

ACE inhibitors

Question 29

what is used to predict the risk of future ulcers in diabeteics

Answer 29

monofilament testing

Question 30

fine-needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid shows large cells with ground glass cytoplasm, pale nuclei contaning inclusion bodies and central grooving consistent with papillary thyroid cancer

Answer 30

papillary thyroid cancer

Question 31

primary treatment for papillary thyroid carcinoma

Answer 31

surgical resection

Question 32

level of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels in androgen-producing adrenal tumors

Answer 32

elevated

Question 33

hypertension, mild hypernatremia, metabolic alkalosis, and suppressed plasma renin activity

Answer 33

primary hyperaldosteronism

Question 34

proximal muscle weaknes in setting of hyperthyroidism

Answer 34

chronic hyperthyroid myopathy

Question 35

calcitonin-producing tumors of thyroid parafollicular C cells

Answer 35

medullary thyroid cancer

Question 36

what should you suspect with medullary thyroid cancer

Answer 36

MEN 2A and B | - pheochromocytoma

Question 37

lab test ordere for rapidly developing hyperandrogensism in female

Answer 37

testosterone and DHEAS normal DHEAS: normal ovarian source elevated DHEAS: adrenal source

Question 38

tight blood glucose control in patients with diabetes decreases the risk of

Answer 38

microvascular complications

Question 39

tight blood glucose control in patients with diabetes increases the risk of

Answer 39

hypoglycemia | all-cause mortality

Question 40

untreated hyperthyroid patients are at risk for

Answer 40

rapid bone loss cardiac tachyarrhythmias a. fib

Question 41

MEN2B

Answer 41

medullary thyroid cancer pheochromocytoma marfanoid habitus mucosal neuromas MEN2A: add primary hyperparathyroidism

Question 42

systolic hypertension in thyrotoxicosis is caused by

Answer 42

increased Myocardial contractility and heart rate

Question 43

difference between thyroid storm and pheochromocytomas

Answer 43

thyroid: temperature pheochromocytoma: more severe hypertension

Question 44

Hyperthyroidism from toxic adenoma is due to

Answer 44

autonomous production of thyroid hormones