Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Uworld Step 2 > Block 58: Cardio > Flashcards

Block 58: Cardio Flashcards

(50 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Intermittent claudication and positive ankle-brachial index indicates what disease

A

peripheral arterial disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

most useful intervention to improve functional capacity and reduce claudication in PAD patients

A

supervised graded exercise program

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what medications can you start with a patient with peripheral artery disease

A

aspirin and statin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

when does ventricular aneurysm occur in MI ? EKG show?

A

Late complication

- persistent ST-segment elevation along with deep Q waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

when does papillary muscle rupture occur after an MI

A

2-7 days post MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

important factors in improving patient survival in sudden cardiac arrest ar

A
  • adequate bystander compression only CPR
  • prompt rhythm analysis
  • defibrillation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

most common cause of mitral regurgitation in developed countries

A

Mitral valve prolapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Displaced apical impulse, holosystolic murmur and 3rd heart sound, diagnosis

A

severe mitral regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does mild mitral regurgitation cause

A

mid-systolic click

mid-to-late systolic murmur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does severe mitral regurgitation cause

A

holosystolic murmur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does chronic severe mitral regurgitation cause

A
  • left arterial and ventricular enlargement leading to a-fib
  • left ventricular dysfunction
  • CHF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

transient loss of consciousness accompanied by loss of postural or motor tone with a spontaneous return to baseline neurologic function

A

syncope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

orthostatic (postural) hypotension

A

dpop in systolic blood pressure greater than 20 or diastolic greater than 10 within 2-5 min of standing from a supine position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Difference between arrhythmic cause of syncope and vasovagal or neurocardiogenic syncope

A
  • arrhythmic: no prodromal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

immediate effects of cocaine on the heart

A

sympathomimetic

  • hypertension
  • tachycardia
  • pupillary dilation
  • psychomotor agitation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

doing cocaine puts at risk for

A

causes coronary vasoconstriction
promotes thrombus formation
increases risk of MI and infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

EKG for acute pericarditis

A

diffuse ST-segment elevation

PR-segment depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

intermittent claudication, diminished pulses and abnormal (<1) ankle brachial index suggests

A

peripheral artery disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with peripheral artery disease

A

cardiovascular disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q 
RA pressure 
Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
Cardiac index ( pump function)
Systemic vascular resistance 
Mixed venous oxygen saturation

cardiogenic shock

A 
RA: increased
PCWP: Increased
CI: Decrease decease
SVR: Increase
MvO2: decrease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q 
RA pressure 
Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
Cardiac index ( pump function)
Systemic vascular resistance 
Mixed venous oxygen saturation

hypovolemic shock

Study These Flashcards
A 
RA: decrease
PCWP: decrease
CI: decrease 
SVR: increase
MvO2: decrease
22
Q 
RA pressure 
Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
Cardiac index ( pump function)
Systemic vascular resistance 
Mixed venous oxygen saturation

septic shock

Study These Flashcards
A 
RA: normal or decrease
PCEP: normal or decrease 
CI: increase
SVR: decrease
MvO2: increase
23
Q

how does CHF impact kidney

Study These Flashcards
A

preferential vasoconstriction of efferent renal arterioles which increases intraglomerular pressure in order to maintain adequate glomerular filtration rate

24
Q

wide-complex tachycardia with 2 fusion beats is diagnostic for

Study These Flashcards
A

sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia

25
treatment for sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia
IV amiodarone
26
carotid sinus massage is useful vagal maneuver to terminate
paroxysmal supra ventricular tachycardia
27
what is esmolol and what is it used for
ultra-short-acting beta blocker | - rapid rate control in atrial flutter or fibrillation
28
symptomatic sinus bradycardia should be treated how? patients with inadequate response with sinus bradycardia should further be treated with
IV atropine | - IV epinephrine and dopamine or transcutaneous pacing
29
Holosystolic murmur best heard at the apex with radiation to the axilla
mitral regurgitation
30
how does inelastic pericardium cause right sided heart failure
prevents venous return to the right heart during inspiration
31
patient has progressive peripheral edema, elevated jugular venous pressure, haptomegaly and ascites. has
Constrictive pericardtitis
32
what can cause constrictive pericarditis
medastinal irradtion
33
how is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy inherited? what is mutated
autosomal dominant genetic disorder - cardiac myosin binding protein C gene - cardiac beta-myosin heavy chain gene
34
aortic dissection involving the carotid or vertebral arteries can cause
cerebral hypo perfusion
35
Ascending aortic dissection can cause
cardiac tamponade: hypotension, pulses paradoxus, elevated JVD, acute aortic regurgitation
36
Loop diuretics can cause what electrolyte abnormality
hypokalemia | hypomagnesemia
37
class of drug for metolozone
thiazide
38
when do you not use a beta blocker in MI
presence of pulmonary edema and bradycardia
39
CHADSVASC score of what should start anticoagulation? which anticoags should be started
2 | - Warfarin or non-vitamin-K antagonist oral anticoagulants
40
Cilostazol is what and what is it used for
phophodiesterase inhibitor | - symptomatic management of intermittent claudication
41
diagnose headache, dyspnea, and blurred vision
hypertensive emergency
42
hypertensive urgency
hypertension without symptoms of end-organ damage
43
PE findings for malignant hyperension
papilledema and retinal hemorrhages
44
hypertensive encephalopathy
cerebral edema due to break through vasodilation
45
hypertensive emergency
hypertension with malignant hypertension or hypertensive encephalopathy
46
Kussmaul's sign
lack of typical inspiratory decline in central venous pressure
47
Pericardial knock
early heart sound after S2
48
in developing and endemic areas what is the common cause of constrictive pericarditis
tuberculosis
49
Psittacosis disease, transmission? and organ is impacted
bird to human | lung
50
pericardial calcifications seen in X-ray indicates
constrictive pericarditis

Uworld Step 2 (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions