Book 100 High Rise Manual Flashcards
(404 cards)
1
Q
The first fire company on scene shall be what?
A
Fire attack
2
Q
Once fire attack or first company have found the emergency, the officer must communicate what to the IC?
A
Location, nature, and extent of problem
3
Q
Fire attack must check how many floors below fire floor for suitability for staging?
A
2 floors
4
Q
Divisions on a high rise will be identified by what number on which the company is operating?
A
Floor number
5
Q
In a high rise incident, RIC is normally assembled and deployed from where?
A
Staging
6
Q
Branches are identified by the use of what numerals or by fictional name (ie: medical)?
A
Roman numerals
7
Q
Branch level is organizationally between section and division/groups in which section of the general staff?
A
Operations
8
Q
Who reports to IC/Operations and is responsible for fire suppression and rescue activities within a geographical area, usually a specific floor?
A
Division
9
Q
The staging area manager will reports directly to who?
A
IC or Operations
10
Q
A medical treatment/rehabilitation area shall normally be established where to provide care for incident personnel?
A
Staging
11
Q
Supplies and equipment are requested directly from where?
A
Logistics/base
12
Q
It has proven effective to have staging monitor how many radio channels and for what?
A
2 channels, 1 for tactical or command, 1 for logistics to order equipment and supplies
13
Q
The air ops branch director reports to who and supervised and coordinates air operations as directed?
A
IC/operations
14
Q
The logistics section chief reports to who?
A
IC
15
Q
Activities of lobby control, systems control, base, ground support, supply unit, communications unit, and medical unit are supervised by which section chief?
A
Logistics
16
Q
Who does lobby control report to?
A
Logistics
17
Q
The location and position of the elevators will dictate whether a what group is established by the IC to locate and search for unaccounted elevators which may contain building occupants?
A
Elevator group
18
Q
If needed, what unit can be implemented to assist lobby control with monitoring and maintaining the buildings built-in fire control, life safety, environmental control, communications and elevator systems?
A
Systems control unit
19
Q
Who is responsible for providing transportation for personnel, equipment and supplies, SCBA cylinders, fueling and service/maintenance of vehicles and portable power equipment and tools?
A
Ground support group (formally stairwell support)
20
Q
Who coordinates and supervised the function if an auxiliary water supply is required?
A
Ground support group supervisor
21
Q
What may be established by available engineers from the first alarm assignment?
A
Base
22
Q
Base reports initially to the IC and then to who when the position is implemented?
A
Logistics or support branch director
23
Q
Base shall be established a minimum of how many feet away from the incident structure and not in proximity to the command post?
A
200 feet
24
Q
What area maintains a reserve resource level and has an area designated for a marshaling area for equipment being delivered to lobby of ground support?
A
Base
25
Which unit ensures that an effective communications system is maintained between IC and personnel which could include portable radios, spare batteries, cell phones and buildings sound powered system?
Communications unit
26
The difference between a successful emergency operation which is brought to an early conclusion or becomes a protracted effort, depends greatly on actions taken by what companies?
First arriving
27
What is a normal first alarm assignment for a reported high rise structure fire?
```
5 fire companies
Airborne task force
1 BLS RA
1 ALS RA
1 EMS
1 BC
```
28
The 5 fire companies will consist of how many trucks and engine companies?
2 trucks, 3 engines
29
In addition, what specialty company will respond on the first alarm assignment to incidents in specific first-in districts?
Squad
30
In a high rise incident, a minimum of how many members shall initiate fire attack and ascend to the reported flood?
4
31
The second in company is responsible for establishing what at which point the officer of this company becomes the IC?
Lobby control
32
Supplying water to the building standpipe system will be the responsibility of which engineer?
First arriving 200 series engineer, or second arriving triple engineer
33
What is the assembly point where a reserve of personnel and equipment are maintained awaiting assignment within the building?
Staging
34
Base may be established by available engineer from the first alarm or by who?
A greater alarm company
35
The basic requirements of the ICS have been met with the establishment of what (ALS-BASE)?
Fire attack, lobby control, staging, and base
36
What should be established utilizing a company from the first alarm assignment consistent with strategic considerations and priorities normally 2 floors below fire floor?
Staging
37
The IC shall provide back up for the initial fire attack team as soon as possible through the use of additional fire attack teams or companies assigned to what?
Staging
38
As incidents expand beyond the first alarm, the IC shall ensure the assignment or designate what to stand by?
RIC
39
In a high rise incident, RIC shall be located where in conjunction with staging?
In or proximity to staging
40
The first arriving BC assumes the duties of what?
IC
41
The second arriving BC May be assigned as what on the fire floor?
Division
42
The first arriving AC will relive who and assume that position?
IC
43
The 3rd arriving BC May be assigned as what depending on the needs of the incident?
Search group supervisor
44
The 4th arriving BC may be assigned as which section chief?
Logistics
45
The 5th arriving BC May be assigned as what officer to provide an assessment of hazardous or unsafe situations and assure personnel safety?
Safety officer
46
Consider the need for what officer as RIC group supervisor when there are more than 1 RIC teams assigned?
BC
47
A normal time frame for a high rise incident from the receipt of the alarm until water is applied to the fire is how many minutes?
36 minutes
48
Plan for early relief of companies on the fire floor every how many minutes?
10 to 15 minutes
49
Command post should be established a safe distance from the building a minimum of how many feet?
200 feet
50
What to areas outside of the involved structure should be announced to MFC?
Base and command post
51
The location of staging should be announced on what channel?
Fire ground TAC channel
52
Air operations helispot should be established at least how far away from involved building?
1/2 mile
53
Normally helicopters should remain a minimum of how many feet from the involved building while in flight and away from the command post?
500 feet
54
Who investigates accidents occurring in the incident area and submits follow up reports as well as corrects unsafe acts?
Safety officer
55
Who is the point of contact for assisting agency representatives?
Liaison officer
56
Who coordinates dissemination of information to the news media, including interviews with incident personnel?
PIO
57
Can safety officers, liaison officers, and PIOs have assistants?
Yes
58
Fire attack shall retain what from the lock box?
1 copy of the building inventory and 1 set of keys
59
The captain of the fire attack company determines the means of ascent, when using a stairwell the captain must relay what to incoming companies?
Stairwell identification
60
As fire attack team ascends, the officer should report condition in the building how often?
Periodically
61
Who has the ultimate responsibility to authorize or discontinue the use of elevators?
IC
62
The fire attack officer should determine the floor plan of the building by locating what in the elevator lobbies?
Floor layout signs
63
If elevators are utilized for ascent, they shall not be taken closer than where?
2 floors below fire floor or lowest indicated alarm
64
RIC at a high rise should involve what companies at a minimum?
LF, engine, or squad and an ALS resource
65
Where should RIC standby to facilitate a rapid deployment to an emergency?
Staging or 1 floor below fire floor
66
The establishment of what group ensures and provides for a primary and secondary search for building occupants is conducted and completed?
Search group
67
Searches shall be conducted on a priority basis beginning with the fire floor and where else?
All areas above fire floor
68
Traditionally occupant evacuation of the fire floor and what other floors has been sufficient?
2 floors below and above fire
69
The evacuation group supervisors works closely with who and managed all building occupants from ground floor to the assembly area outside of the involved building?
Search group supervisor
70
LAPD assistance should be requested to assist in directing evacuees to a safe location at a minimum of how many feet from the affected structure?
200 feet
71
Depending on the time of year and most importantly if conditions warrant, consider the use of what equipped with the water cannon?
Erickson skycrane
72
The use of what will assist in identifying occupants above the fire and for fire extension?
FLIR (infrared)
73
Normally how many companies should be kept at base for each company held in staging?
2 companies
74
When a water supply is established via stairwell, who shall provide a supply line to the entrance to the stairwell?
Base
75
Apparatus should be parked how so apparatus can be moved independently?
Diagonally
76
What personnel are responsible for apparatus security?
Base
77
The judgement whether or not the elevators are safe for personnel rely heavily on conditions found and reports from which officer?
Fire attack
78
What 2 types of high rises are designed for human occupancy?
Residential or commercial
79
Which type of high ride occupancy will have 24 hour occupancy?
Residential
80
Which high rise occupancy is characterized by core construction, circuit corridors around the core and human population having great concentration during business hours?
Commercial
81
High rise buildings are defined as buildings over how many feet in height measured from ground level access to the floor level of the highest floor intended for occupant use?
75 feet
82
What era high rise that are over 75’ have combination systems, at least 2 approved means of egress from each floor, local fire warning system, public address systems, fire control room, stand by and emergency power systems, helicopter landing pad on roof, and stairwell numbering systems?
Building construction since 1974
83
High rises built before this year will have at least 2 approved exits from each floor, some type of smoke control (windows, HVAC), floor numbering signs, some type of standpipe, and some type of building communication system about 150’ in height?
1974
84
Buildings built before 1974, if equipped with tempered glass break out panels, they will have them on at least how many sides of the building?
2 sides
85
Buildings built before what year will have Class 1 dry standpipes 2 1/2” outlet and class 2 domestically fed 1 1/2” outlet standpipes and are less than 150’ in height?
Pre 1960
86
Buildings constructed between this year and exceed 150’ will have a class 3 combination (wet) standpipe system with 1 1/2” and 2 1/2” outlets along with an on-site fire pump?
1960 to 1974
87
Buildings built from 1960 to 1974 and less than 150’ in height will have what type of system?
Same as pre 1960
88
LAFDs fire and safety education unit administers a program per which title of the California administrative code, train occupants in emergency pre-fire planning and evacuation procedures?
Title 19
89
How often do occupants get trained on procedures to be followed in the event of a fire, earthquake, or other emergency?
Annually
90
A minimum of how many drills annually may be conducted in individual floors for a high rise?
1
91
Which types of high rise exempt occupants from training and drill requirements?
Hotels (training required for employees only)
92
What are the 2 highest priorities during high rise operations?
Fire attack and evacuation
93
In the event of a high rise fire, the danger to building occupants could develop from what 3 sources?
Direct exposure to fire
Panic
Exposure to smoke (gravest threat)
94
High rise buildings in LA are designed with how many hour fire resistance between floors and around vertical openings?
2 hours
95
The best defense against panic situations for occupants is what?
Public education
96
Experience has shown that the most effective means of saving lives and facilitating rescue in a high rise fire emergency is what in the fire?
Aggressive attack
97
Our standard operating guideline will require the use of what to indicate the progress of the search, the current location and identity of the searchers, and to prevent duplication of effort?
Chalk
98
Some high rise buildings in LA house more than how many people during peak time?
5,000
99
Who must be notified of evacuation status and objectives?
MFC
100
Building emergency plans, required for commercial high rise occupancies, require that an updated list and type of assistance needed for each what within the building?
Physically challenged individual
101
The public address system has the ability to speak to what floors?
All floors simultaneously or to selected floors
102
One of the first decisions when arriving on scene will be what with the possibility of falling glass and other hazards?
Apparatus placement
103
Department policy requires who to take with them their SCBA, portable radios, forcible entry tools, high rise hose packs, pigtail, TIC, and fire extinguisher (if an elevator is useable)?
Fire attack team
104
Building entry can be greatly facilitated by the presence of an exterior what?
Fire department lock box
105
The fire code requires a what for fire department use which is usually found at the buildings lobby security post or in the fire control room?
Lock box for fire department use
106
Who sets the stairwell climbing pace for the fire attack team?
Officer in charge
107
What has proven to be the safest and most reliable route to the fire floor for the fire attack team?
Stairwells
108
Which type of stairwells may only service alternate floors, skipping every other floor or exit at the opposite end of the building?
Scissor-type
109
In choosing a fire attack stairwell, select a stairwell that has ground to what access whenever possible?
Roof
110
Some exterior ground level doors leading to the stairwell are camouflaged often by being covered with the same material as building, these doors may be held closed by a magnetic device requiring how many pounds of pressure to overcome it?
25 pounds
111
How long will it take firefighters to ascend stairs per floor?
1 minute
112
If the fire is reported to be on or below what floor, the stairwell shall be used and firefighters will walk to reach the fire floor?
6th floor
113
No more than how many personnel with equipment is permitted in any elevator, this will prevent exceeding the weight capacity of the elevator?
6
114
The officer in charge of the fire attack team should give an assessment in conditions found in the stairwell every how many floors?
4 to 5 floors
115
The officer in charge of the fire attack team should give in assessment of conditions when elevators are used during the precautionary stops every how many floors?
5 floors
116
What should be large enough to accommodate tools, equipment as firefighters 2 floors below the fire floor?
Staging
117
What 3 means is standpipe pressure in a high rise building controlled?
Pressure regulating devices
Pressure restricting devices
Orifices plates
118
Pressure regulating devices control pressure and can supply more than 1 line as long as the gpm does not exceed the set limit which is normally how much?
300 gpm
119
Which device works by restricting to flow by how far the valve can be opened, thereby reducing the flow and psi?
Pressure restricting device
120
The orifice plate controls pressure by restricting volume and is limited to its design requirements for supplying how many gpm?
200 gpm
121
Lines connected to orifice plates require that the orifice plate be removed and what should remain at the outlet?
A member
122
If an orifice plate cannot be removed, lines should not be completely shut off at where due to the high static pressure of the system rupturing the hose?
At the nozzle
123
What department program helps maintain the most important element which is the members?
Departments wellness program
124
If a gated wye is part of the hose lay, it must be attended or what to prevent inadvertent closure?
Strapped open
125
Who should direct their efforts toward protecting hallways and corridors, stairs and elevators, and other vertical openings?
Fire attack team
126
What type of building construction design features can include office areas of living areas which surround a “core” containing stairwells, elevators, and utilities?
Center core
127
If the fire attack officer determined that a “wrap around” potential exists, it can be prevented by coordinating how many hose lines?
2
128
In high rise buildings, the area above the ceiling usually serves as the return air plenum for what system?
HVAC
129
To check the upper plenum area of a ceiling, use what tool to simply remove a ceiling tile or panel?
Pike pole or similar tool
130
What is another method for removing tiled ceiling?
A hose stream
131
Some high rise buildings in LA have floors interconnected by a separate open stairwell such as which buildings?
Arco towers and first interstate building
132
All vertical opening within a high rise must have what hour rated protection accomplished by rolling steel doors that drop and enclose the stairwell?
2 hour
133
What can be an indication that 1 business occupies 2 or more floors which may have a possibility of an additional stairwell and path of fire travel?
Building directory in the lobby
134
High rise buildings have very high electrical energy requirements and will often have what in the building that are high voltage and high amperage?
Electrical substation
135
What type of synthetics are extensively used in furnishings within high rise buildings?
Petrochemical
136
The stage for flashover is set when the heat of fire liberated what gases from synthetics in the furnishing and PVC wallpaper?
Flammable gases
137
Flashover can occur at what degree within a high rise?
700 degrees
138
What is a potential hazard when HVAC systems are shut down in a sealed high rise building whether by actuation of a fire protection system or by fire firefighters, creating an oxygen deficient temperature?
Backdraft
139
A classic backdraft symptom might occur as you opened what door to the fire floor?
Stairwell
140
What is one means of ventilating a floor or compartment of a high rise building eliminating backdraft conditions?
Break windows and horizontally ventilate the fire floor
141
When breaking out windows for ventilation, if conditions warrant this can be accomplished by working where in relation to the fire?
Above
142
Extreme caution must be exercised when performing horizontal ventilation due to the effects from what?
Winds
143
When the need exists for horizontal ventilation in a high rise, consider venting which side of the building?
Leeward
144
Smoke patterns within a high rise building are usually characterized by the movement of air from what floors to what floors by way of vertical shafts, poke through construction, HVAC systems?
Lower to upper floors
145
A downward draft or “reverse stack effect” becomes more pronounced when outside temperatures are higher known as what?
Stratification
146
What are vertical passageways that can provide excellent channels for the travel of fire and smoke?
Stairshafts and elevators
147
Elevators that service all floors of a building is known as what type of elevators?
Service elevator
148
Elevators that service only selected floors of a building is known as what type of elevator?
Banked elevators
149
What 4 types of stairshafts can be encountered in a high rise building?
Service all floors
Service odd or even floors
Service selected floors
May or may not terminated onto roof
150
Stairshafts in high rise buildings constructed after what year are required to employ stairshafts ventilation systems?
1974
151
Pressurized stairwell fans must provide not less than how many cubic feet per minute of air?
50 cubic feet per minute
152
Pressurized stairwell fans must maintain a positive pressure of not over how many pounds?
25 pounds
153
What systems can form natural channels for smoke within a building and can be operated by manual or automatic systems?
HVAC systems
154
High rise buildings will “what” between floors and from floors into stairshafts?
“Leak”
155
Pressure generated by a fire is how many times that of atmospheric pressure will force smoke through openings and may contaminate floors or stairshafts?
3 times atmospheric pressure
156
Stratification causes smoke to spread in which direction to other portions of the building?
Horizontally
157
Mushrooming will cause the smoke to rise to the highest level possible and then begin to what and fill all available spaces?
Bank down
158
Stratification causes products of combustion to rise through vertical opening, cooling as they rise, until the temperature is what to the temperature of the surrounding air thus causing it spread horizontally?
Equal
159
All pre 1960 buildings have what type of windows?
Openable
160
Post 1960 buildings have tempered glass on at least how many sides of the building, at corners of the buildings and how many feet intervals or less?
2 sides of the building, 50 feet or less
161
Post 1974 buildings have tempered glass on how many sides of the buildings, at corners and at how many feet intervals or less?
4 sides of the building, 50 feet or less
162
Per Chapter 6 ventilation: Tempered glass windows are identified by a how many inch luminous or referent decal in a lower corner which indicate they are for “fire department use”?
3 inch
163
Post what year, requires smoke control systems (uniform building code) in high rise buildings that eliminated the requirement of the installation of tempered glass?
Post 1996
164
Many HVAC systems incorporate remote controlled what at the supply and return ducts on each floor to prevent heat loss and to supply “conditioned” air?
Dampers
165
Unless the HVAC system is contributing to the spread of fire or smoke throughout the building, it should be left in what position?
“ON” (operating) position
166
What is the property saved from destruction in a calamity (wreck of fire)?
Salvage
167
What operations are utilize to save structure and contents from smoke, heat, water, and other elements along with water from sprinklers and leaking pipes as a result of fire suppression efforts?
Salvage
168
Damaged caused by fire, heat, and the products of combustion are considered what type of loss?
Direct loss
169
Damage caused by the fire suppression operations used to control and extinguish a fire is what type of loss?
Indirect loss
170
When a salvage problem exists, the IC should consider assigning an officer as what early on in the incident?
Salvage group supervisor
171
Damage to a structure and its contents are usually caused by what?
Heat, smoke, and water
172
Heat and smoke can be handled by what type of operations (normally performed by a truck company)?
Ventilation procedures
173
The main focus in salvage operations on a high rise is the control of what and keeping it out of elevator shafts, machinery rooms, and electrical rooms?
Water
174
Locating the seat of what sources will initially indicate what portion of the structure is involved, where the fire/water is going, and any additional hazards?
Fire and water
175
Where should salvage begin?
Where the greatest loss is expected
176
Generally the greatest loss expected when determining salvage operations will be which floors?
Floor of origin and floor below
177
A 2” line flowing 200 gpm can add how many pounds of water per minute?
1670 pounds
178
A 2 1/2” line flowing 350 gpm can add how many pounds of water per minute?
2800 pounds
179
Removing water from a structure be accomplished by eliminating what 2 things?
Water source and dewatering
180
Based on the type of occupancy and incident, it is often advantageous to channel water into a what, which eliminates electrical sources and is the best method for large quantities of water?
Stairwell
181
Determining the origin of the problem, amount of water present, and the anticipated flow will provide the basic parameters to formulate what type of plan?
Salvage
182
Effective salvage operations are dependent on a combination of what?
Pre planned and timely operations
183
When openings are created (open doors) where in the stairshafts, a natural upward flow of air will quickly?develop
At the top and bottom
184
The natural air flow within building stairshafts is virtually static in buildings up to how many stories?
25 stories
185
Buildings over how many stories will naturally flow minimal amounts of air in an upward direction?
25 stories
186
Stairshafts can be placed into what 2 categories?
Stairshafts that open to interior and provide roof access and stairshafts that open to the exterior and provide roof access
187
Ventilation efforts directed at removing contaminants in what type of stairshaft must be augmented by mechanical means other than utilizing natural air flow only?
Stairshafts that open to the interior
188
Natural air flow within what stairshaft can be significant?
Stairshafts that open to exterior
189
Natural vertical air currents of how many mph that flow upward in stairshafts that open to the exterior, can be created by simply opening a door at the bottom and roof levels of stairshafts?
3 to 6 mph
190
The natural vertical air flow in a stairshaft can be created or maintained by what 2 ways?
Stairshaft pressurization fans and positive pressure (blowers and water turbine)
191
Water turbine blowers produce significantly less noise and will provide more than how many cubic feet of air per minute than a like sized gasoline blower?
Twice
192
How can water turbine blowers be requested?
Through MFC
193
High rise buildings constructed after 1974 are required to employ an emergency smoke control system that is comprised of what 3 components?
Pressurized stairwells
Mechanical smoke removal system
Tempered glass or openable windows
194
Who shall be responsible for ensuring that stairshafts are pressurized?
Lobby Control
195
When using blowers, position blowers how many feet back from the doorway and angled back at least 5 degrees?
4 to 6 feet
196
Fans are more effective placing them in what pattern than in series?
V-shape
197
Keeping contaminants from entering the stairshaft from fire involved floors is more effective with or without an opening at the top of the stairshaft?
Without
198
Cross ventilation operations are effective up to how many floors, if necessary beyond this floor, utilize an additional blower in the pressurized stairshaft to supply additional pressurized air to the floor to be ventilated?
25 floors
199
Additional pressurized air may be necessary due to the leakage in stairshafts over how many floors?
25
200
What 3 ventilation considerations should be employed in stairwells for smoke removal?
Positive Pressure, vertical ventilation, and cross ventilation
201
Elevators are subjected to malfunction from the effects of what on drive machinery and/or control equipment?
Heat, smoke, and water
202
What title of the California Administrative Code provides requirements for the operation of elevators under fire and emergency conditions?
Title 24
203
The floor that elevators will respond to upon recall is known as what level?
Designated level
204
What floor will contain the “Emergency Service Switch” needed to recall the elevators and will be referred to as “Lobby”?
Designated floor/level
205
Alternative designated floors may be required, due to smoke detector placement and/or what?
Split bank elevators
206
There shall be a smoke detector installed adjacent to the elevators at each what, usually in a vestibule on each floor except the Lobby?
Landing/level
207
Automatic elevators having a total travel of more than how many feet may be recalled to the lobby by sensing devices (smoke detectors) or by a three-position key operated “Emergency Service” switch in the lobby?
50 feet
208
Phase 1 - Automatic elevators having a total travel of more than how many feet or more may be recalled to the lobby by sensing devices, if new after October 6, 1975?
25 feet
209
How many switches minimum per bank of elevators is required?
1
210
Phase 2 - All automatic elevators having a travel of how many feet or more above the lowest grade level may be recalled to the lobby by smoke detectors or by a three-position key operated “Emergency Service” switch in the lobby and can be placed in emergency use by firefighters?
70 feet
211
Is the key removable in the bypass position?
No
212
Is they key removable in the ON position while in Phase 2?
No
213
Elevators that travel through a what should be avoided whenever possible?
Blind shaft
214
Elevator shafts shall be observed for what prior to use?
Smoke, fire, water
215
What can be used to observe for smoke, fire, and water through the elevator shaft?
Flashlight or TIC
216
All members including the member assigned as the elevator operator shall be equipped with what?
Full PPE, SCBA, radio, sound powered phone, forcible entry tool, and appropriate equipment for fire suppression or assigned task
217
What type of extinguisher shall remain in the elevator car with the elevator operator?
Dry chemical extinguisher
218
Fire attack shall consist of a minimum of how many members?
4
219
If and LF is first one scene, can 1 member be assigned to operate the elevator while the other 4 assume the role of fire attack?
Yes
220
What are the maximum number of members with required equipment allowed in 1 elevator at a time?
6 members
221
Precautionary stops shall be made while using an elevator how often?
Every 5 floors
222
The what are deactivated when the elevator is in "emergency service" (phase 1)?
Photo electric beams and other non-mechanical door retraction safety devices
223
Elevators installed after October 15, 1985 must have what separate button for use by emergency personnel?
Call cancel
224
Elevators installed since what year are required to be recalled to the lobby?
1986
225
While the elevator is operating in the what mode, the photoelectric hold open device is rendered inoperative, but the automatic door open feature will continue to function?
Independent service mode
226
In automatic mode (with photo electric devices) the photo-electric device can be rendered inoperable by depressing the switch marked what, this action will cause the doors to close?
“TO BE USED IN CASE OF FIRE ONLY”
227
Who shall be equipped with full personal protective equipment; breathing apparatus, portable radio, sound powered phone, forcible entry tool(s), e.g., pickheaded axe, hayward, hooligan, and a portable dry chemical fire extinguisher, which will remain in the elevator car?
Elevator operator
228
Prior to 1960, buildings will limited to what height or approximately 14 stories due to the threat of earthquakes?
150 feet
229
What era building consisted of dry standpipes, interior wet standpipes, and sprinklered basements?
Pre 1960
230
What type of stand pipe system is found in Pre 1960, 1960 to 1974, and after 1974 high rises 4 or more stories in height not exceeding 150 feet?
Dry standpipes
231
Dry standpipes are how large in diameter depending on building height and must flow 500 gpm?
4 to 6 inches
232
How many 2 1/2" inlets will dry standpipes have depending on the height of the building?
2 to 4
233
Pressure to the dry standpipe system is based on what 3 things?
Friction loss, back pressure, and required nozzle pressure
234
When Dry Standpipes are installed, outlets are provided at every floor level and roof landing of required enclosed stairways, fire escapes and smoke towers, except what floor?
1st floor
235
Dry standpipe outlets are located based on the requirement that every point within the structure must be reachable by how long of a stream of water from a nozzle attached to 100' of hose?
30 foot
236
In buildings built prior to 1960, the outlets of the Dry and the Wet Standpipe Systems are what type of valves?
Straightway gate or globe valves
237
Wet Standpipe Systems are required in buildings how many or more stories in height (four or more stories after 1983), and are directly connected to a water supply and equipped with 1-1/2" outlets, with hose and nozzle?
3 or more
238
Depending on the age and height of the building, water supplied to the wet standpipe system for occupant use is from what 2 sources?
Domestic water or gravity fed/pressurized tanks and domestic water
239
In buildings constructed prior to 1960, Wet Standpipe Risers are what sizes, depending on the height of the building and year of construction?
1 1/2" or 2 1/2"
240
In 1960 height restrictions were removed from buildings constructed in LA and have no maximum what?
Height
241
After 1960, what were required in stairshafts?
Standpipes
242
Buildings built after 1960 that exceeded 150 feet were required to have what type of system?
Combination standpipe system
243
What type of standpipe system are directly connected to a water supply and equipped with both 1-1/2" outlets (2-1/2” outlet with a 1-1/2” reducer), with hose and nozzle attached, for use by the building occupants; and 2-1/2" outlets for use by the Fire Department?
Combination standpipe system
244
The 2-1/2" system may have 100' of single-jacketed, unlined 2-1/2" hose with a 1" tip attached to 2-1/2" outlets on each floor above what floor on a combination standpipe system?
5th floor
245
What are the 2 water sources on a combination standpipe system?
Water supply through city water mains (primary) and fire department inlet connections (secondary)
246
As the water is supplied from the domestic system (street mains), how many backflow clapper valves are required to keep the firefighting water from flowing back into and contaminating the domestic water system in a combination system?
2
247
What type of valve will be found on each side of the back flow valves so that maintenance work can be done on the valves on a combination system?
OS and Y
248
What pumps are normally installed to make up minor leakage rates in system pressure, they prevent the fire pump from continually starting and stopping due to minor fluctuations in the system pressure?
Jockey pumps
249
Combination standpipe risers are how many inches in diameter and must flow 1000 gpm per riser?
6 inches
250
Combination systems will have how many inlets if less than 3 or more than 3 standpipe risers (250 gpm per inlet)?
Less than 3: 4 inlets
| More than 3: 6 inlets
251
A flow of what gpm is required at each 2 1/2" outlet on a combination system?
300 gpm
252
The same standpipes on a combination system are used to supply which outlets?
1 1/2" wet standpipe system
253
Combination standpipe systems have 2 1/2" and 1 1/2" outlets with globe valves that have what on them?
Orifice plates
254
If the residual pressure at the 2 1/2" outlet exceeds 135 psi on a combination system, an approved device (orifice plates) must be provided to reduce the nozzle pressure to what psi?
45 psi
255
Orifice plates are calibrated to supply how many gpm and what psi through 100' of 2-1/2" hose with a 1" tip?
200 gpm at 45 psi
256
What are most often soldered to the outlet barrel or held in place by an adapter fitting?
Orifice plates
257
The obvious disadvantage of the orifice plate method of regulating outlet pressure is that it has no effect on what which could rupture the hose if shut off at the nozzle?
Static pressure
258
The 1-1/2" outlets have 100' of 1-1/2" hose with a straight tip, in a what for occupant use on a combination system?
Cabinet
259
On Wet Standpipe Systems for combination systems, if the static pressure on the 1-1/2" outlets exceeds 70 p.s.i., a pressure reducing valve must be installed to reduce the nozzle pressure to what psi?
50 psi
260
Buildings built after what year, exceeding 150' in height, will have a Combined Sprinkler-Standpipe System which is directly connected to a water supply and is equipped with 2-1/2" outlets for use by the Fire Department
1974
261
What outlets are not required in a combined system?
1 1/2" OUTLETS
262
In 1974, the major change in the Building Code required buildings over how many feet to be fully sprinklered?
75 feet
263
For economic reasons (to use smaller piping), the water supply for each floor may come from what system (except 1983 to 1988) in a combined system?
Loop system
264
The exception to the what of the sprinkler systems between 1983 and 1988 was due to the City adopting the Uniform Building Code in 1983?
Looping
265
The solution to orifice plates and unlined 2 1/2" hose in the hose cabinets for combined system outlets was adding what to the 2 1/2" outlets eliminating orifice plates and hose?
Pressure reducing valves
266
What term is a general term used when referring to the complete system, i.e., a system of pressure reducing valves?
PRV
267
What term, Pressure Regulating Device or Pressure Restricting Device should be used when referring to the mechanism that reduces the pressure?
PRD
268
Pressure Regulating Devices are required to be used on any standpipe outlet where the static pressure exceeds what psi?
150 psi
269
The upper floors with pressures below 150 psi at the outlet may use what to restrict the flow on a combined system?
Orifice plates
270
Pre-set pressures on Pressure Regulating Devices are required to provide how much psi flowing 300 gpm?
80 to 125 psi
271
By policy, Fire Department inspectors are having the Pressure Regulating Device set at what psi flowing 300 gpm?
100 psi
272
In order for the PRD to work properly and adjust pressure automatically, the valve must be opened how much?
Fully
273
In buildings that are sprinklered (over 75' in height), the Wet Standpipe System outlets, with hose, are not required, provided that there are what on the 2-1/2 outlets?
2-1/2" to 1-1/2" reducers with cap and chain
274
Buildings over 75' that do not exceed 150' in height are fully sprinklered and utilize the what to supply the sprinklers?
Dry standpipes
275
Pressure Restricting Devices are found when static pressures are between what psi?
135 and 150 psi
276
The Pressure Restricting Device is whatl and limits how far the valve can be opened, thereby reducing the flow and the psi?
Mechanical
277
Beginning in 1974, new high-rise buildings in Los Angeles were required to have an on-site what (tank) to supplement the main water supply system?
Water supply
278
For sprinklered buildings, over 75' but not exceeding 150' in height, the on-site water supply must supply the calculated sprinkler fire flow requirements of the most demanding rectangular area of the building for how many minutes, plus an additional 100 gpm for the total standpipe?
30 minutes
279
For buildings exceeding 150' but not over 275', the hydraulic calculations for on-site water supplies are calculated on the standpipe demand and the sprinkler demand is ignored, the standpipe requirements are 500 g.p.m. for the first riser plus 250 gpm for each additional riser, for how many minutes?
30 minutes
280
For buildings exceeding 275', the minimum amount of water in the on-site water tank is how much?
45,000 gallons
281
On site water tanks increases as the area and or hazards of the building increase and can be up to a maximum of how many gallons in larger high rise?
105,000 gallons
282
Where will on site water supplier for high rise buildings almost always be found in the building?
Bottom
283
What 2 methods can tanks be filled?
2 inch diameter pipe fills tank in 12 hours, or after 1983 6 inch pipe fills tank in 8 hours
284
Every building six or more stories in height shall be provided with not less than how many standpipe for use during construction and installed before construction is more than 50 feet in height?
1 standpipe
285
Where construction height requires installation of a Combination Standpipe (exceeds 150' in height), what shall be provided to serve the standpipe?
Fire pumps and water main connections
286
Fire pumps are required in buildings that have what type of systems?
Combination and combined
287
The purpose of the test valves is to permit a periodic test of the building fire pump which is required to pump what percentage of its rated capacity?
150%
288
The test valves can be identified by what threads?
Male threads
289
What type of pumps are used to maintain a uniform, relatively high pressure on the fire protection system?
Jockey pumps
290
A jockey pump should be sized to make up the allowable hourly leakage rate within how many minutes or what gpm, whichever is larger?
10 minutes or 1 gpm
291
The jockey pump should be set to operate at a pressure of what psi higher than the main pumps starting pressure?
5 to 10 psi
292
Prior to 1974, generally there was only how many fire pumps and it was electrical?
1 fire pump
293
Post 1974 buildings over 275 feet in height are required to have how many pumps and what type of pump?
3 pumps, 1 electric and 2 diesel
294
Diesel engines must be provided with a governor capable of regulating the engine speed within a range of what percent between the shutoff and maximum load condition of the pump?
10%
295
Engines shall be provided with an overspeed shutdown device and shall shut down the engine at a speed approximately what percentage above rated engine speed and must be manually reset after overspeed? shutdown
20%
296
Each diesel engine shall be provided with how many battery storage units, each battery unit shall have the capacity to maintain cranking speed throughout a 6 minute cycle?
2 batteries
297
For post 1974 high rises, each diesel engine must have a fuel supply of a minimum of how many hours?
8 hours
298
Pre 1960 to 1974 high rises must have a fuel supply for each diesel engine of how many hours?
4 hours
299
Fire pumps will start when the pressure drops below what psi in system pressure?
50 psi
300
Fire pumps will stop when the pressure is what psi below system pressure?
10 psi
301
If the engines for the fire pumps fail to start after how many attempts of 15 second crank periods and 15 second rest periods, the overcrack lamp will be lit with an audible alarm?
6 attempts
302
What room in a high rise building can be a tremendous resource in the hands of a knowledgeable operator?
Fire control room
303
The best way to become familiar with fire control rooms in your district is through what?
Training and pre-incident planning
304
Who in a high rise is generally familiar with a fire control room of their building?
Building engineer or security
305
Members should refer to what (found in lock box) to help determine how the fire control room can be utilized to abate an emergency?
Building inventory
306
During the early stages of a high rise fire, what are the 2 main concerns that will help abate an emergency in the fire control room?
Activation of smoke detectors/alarms and elevator recall
307
What can be done in the fire control room to assist occupants of a high rise with smoke in the stairwells?
Pressurization of stairwells
308
Decisions on actions taken in the fire control room will normally be made by what 3 individuals/groups of the incident?
IC, lobby control, systems control
309
The location of the fire control room is normal where but not always and can be founding pictured on the building inventory?
Lobby level
310
How many copies of the building inventory shall be contained in the lock box of the fire control room?
6
311
Some buildings have contracted with outside vendors who prepare what type of plans which are detailed building inventories?
Disaster plans
312
What are loose leaf binders with a copy normally kept in the fire control room for use labeled emergency plan, disaster plan, or something similar?
Disaster plan
313
Who shall get the copy of the disaster plan once notifying your supervisor if available?
IC
314
Do not assume there is only 1 what, some buildings have more than 1, each serving a different area of the building?
Annunciator panel
315
During an incident, some operators will momentarily turn off what in the fire control room to accentuate any lights on the annunciator to help locate the ones that have activated?
Lights
316
In a system that has a simple annunciator panel, a good practice is to mark the activated detectors and the time with what when you first view the annunciator panel?
China market, pencil, or tape
317
Determine which elevators are powered by the standby what, these elevators are usually the last ones to return?
Generator
318
Normally, during a fire, what system will be shut down to prevent the travel of smoke to uninvolved floors?
Air handling system
319
Any switching of the air handling controls should be done cautiously and under the direction of who?
IC
320
Normally we will not operate air handling controls except for complete what unless we are very familiar with the specific building or the building engineer is on scene?
Shut down
321
During a fire determine if the stairwell doors are what and report this action to your supervisor once done so?
Unlocked
322
Sometimes these control panels will allow you to switch power to specific elevator cars?
Standby and emergency system (standby generators)
323
How many sound powered phones will be located in the fire control room?
6 removable, 1 permanently attached
324
What types of jacks will be found in each elevator car, vestibules and lobby, enclosed stairwell exit at each level, and each exit location where a stairwell exits to a public way?
Telephone jacks
325
What system provided a series of buttons (one for each floor), a button for all floors, and a microphone to address the selected floors?
Public address system
326
What provides communication to elevator cars, vestibules, corridors, stairwells, rooms with an occupancy load of 50 or more, and every dwelling unit in a hotel or apartment?
Public address system
327
During a fire, call MFC and give the dispatcher the telephone number of the what?
Fire control room
328
MFCs direct line is what number?
(213)485-6180
329
Some systems in the fire control room that are controlled by a central computer will automatically do a system diagnostic at set intervals usually how often?
1 hour intervals
330
To be effective what messages should be concise, brief, and use accepted terminology?
Radio
331
Messages on the radio should be directed to a company/assignment, not normally a what?
Individual
332
When reviving an order on the radio, a brief restatement of the order is a better acknowledgement than simply utilizing the term what?
“Roger”
333
Members should use common language and standard firefighting terms when talking on the what?
Radio
334
MFC channel is utilized by the IC to give size ups, request additional resources, or transmit additional information to MFC, normally what channels?
7, 8, and 9
335
The command channel is to be used by the IC, department staff, and MFC, normally what channel?
11
336
What channel is to be utilized by IC, general staff, command staff, operations, division supervisors, group supervisors, and staging and not normally utilized until a second alarm assignment has arrived in scene?
Incident command channel
337
What term on the radio shall be utilized by any member who encounters a life-threatening condition (old MAYDAY)?
Emergency traffic
338
If communications cannot be maintained between fire attack companies/divisions and the IC due to the location of the incident, consideration should be given to utilizing portable radios in what mode?
Direct
339
Other options for poor communications in a high rise incident include establishing what?
Relay officer, utilizing messengers, or use of sound powered phones, department cell phone or building telephone
340
Due to the necessity of division or group supervisors having to monitor more than 1 channel, utilization of a department member to assist with radio communications and accountability should be utilized, if chief officer not assigned, who should be assigned a utilize a member from that company to assist with this function?
TFC
341
If the need arises to utilize multiple channels in excess of what MFC can provide, consideration should be given to request the use of what mutual aid frequencies (channels)?
19 through 24
342
Channels 19 through 24 can only be used in what mode and cannot be monitored by MFC?
Direct mode
343
What serves as useful purpose in high rise firefighting and can evacuate civilians, observe the incident from a high vantage point, and deploy personnel and equipment?
Helicopters
344
What size helicopter can respond as hoist/rescue ships or air ambulances and deploy fire personnel into the roof of a high rise building?
Large
345
Which size helicopters are normally used for aerial observation and/or air operations command and control functions?
Smaller
346
Helicopters can arrive in downtown in how many minutes?
10 to 12 minutes
347
Helicopters can arrive in the valley in how many minutes?
5 to 7 minutes
348
Helicopters can arrive in west LA in how many minutes?
10 minutes
349
Helicopters can arrive in the harbor in how many minutes?
20 minutes
350
The pilot of a helicopter is known as the what and reports to the IC/operations and directs the efforts of all aircraft to comply with needed requests?
Helicopter coordinator
351
An officer assigned to the helicopter of the helicopter coordinator is who and provides information to IC/operations?
Air reconnaissance officer
352
Which helicopter is normally used for observation because of its smaller size, reduced noise, and rotor downwash?
The bell jet ranger
353
Normally helicopters should remain approximately how many feet from the involved building while in flight?
500 feet
354
The helispot location for helicopters should be located how many miles away from the incident site?
1/2 mile
355
If evacuation of people from a high rise is necessary what 2 methods can be used?
Loaded directly from roof or hoist rescue
356
What role due helitac personnel serve with the pilot on a high rise incident?
Liaison to assure safe loading of operation
357
Hoist rescued are limited to how many feet or stories below the roof?
250 feet or 20 stories
358
How many helitac members are lowered to assist with a hoist operation?
2
359
When waiting to load and/or board a helicopter, personnel shall form a single one at least how many feet from aircraft toward the front side in full view of the pilot at all times?
50 feet
360
When boarding the aircraft, approach and load aboard the helicopter on which side?
One or both sides
361
Always approach and or leave the helicopters from what side of the helicopter in full view of the pilot?
Front side
362
Stay away from the rotor on what side of the helicopter as it is nearly invisible when rotating especially at night?
The rear
363
How shall tools be carried when approaching or leaving a helicopter?
Horizontally
364
Which parts of your body should enter the cock pit of the helicopter first?
Head and shoulders
365
When leaving the helicopter, walk in a slightly stooped over position to a safe location at least how many feet away?
50 feet
366
Operational circumstances may require departed personnel remain 50 feet from helicopter in what position facing the helicopter with goggles and chin straps in place until helicopter has departed?
Squatting position
367
Fire officers must consciously ask pertinent questions and ascertain condition incorporated into a building, questions must center around decisions relating to what 3 areas?
Life safety, property protection, continuation of operations
368
According to the state fire marshals officer, there are approximately how many high rises in California?
1700
369
Of the 1700 high rises in California, how many are in LA?
745
370
What percentage of the high rises in LA are habitations, such as hotels, apartment buildings and condos?
20% to 25%
371
What 2 groups are high rise buildings divided into depending on the date of construction and required fire protection systems and equipment a building will have?
Existing high rise and new high rise
372
Existing high rise buildings are ones built prior to what year and approximately 520 of these buildings are in this category?
July 1974 (Pre 1960, 1960 to 1974)
373
A new high rise is on that was constructed after July 24, approximately how many of those buildings fall into this category?
225
374
Prior to what year, all buildings in LA were limited to 150 feet in height for earthquake safety, it is safe to state that most pre 1969 buildings are maximum of 13 stories?
1957
375
What 2 pre 1960 buildings are an exception to the 13 stories, 150 feet in height rule?
City hall (27 stories) and old USC General hospital (19 stories)
376
What type of construction then and today, do high rise buildings fall under?
Type 1 construction, noncombustible construction
377
A high rise retrofit program was initiated by the LAFD and the state in what year requiring pre 1960 buildings with open stairways and exterior fire escapes to conform with newer building codes?
1976
378
By the 1960s, codes required compartmentation that is subdivision of buildings into “fire areas” by providing what hour rating, Fire resistive separations between floors and vertical shafts?
2 hour
379
Smoke towers (mechanically ventilated smoke-proof enclosures) are rated for how many hours?
2 hours
380
What are the dimensions of an emergency landing pad on the roof of a high rise?
50 feet by 50 feet
381
What does the number inside the helipad on the roof of a high rise identify as far as load capacity?
Load capacity in thousands of pounds
382
For the 1976 high rise retrofit, at least 2 approved means of egress were required (1 could be a fire escape) to be provided from each floor and at least 1 was to be an enclosed how many hour rated stairshaft?
1 hour
383
For the 1976 high rise retrofit, fire escapes were required to have wired glass or equivalent protection for the windows on all landings and within how many feet on either side of the landing?
5 feet
384
Approximately how many of the older existing high rise buildings chose not to comply with the requirements of the retro fit, primarily because of the problem of providing 2 approved means of egress and were vacated and sealed?
30
385
The retrofit sprinkler ordinance came out when and required installations of fire sprinklers in all existing high rise officer buildings as a result of the first interstate bank building fire in May 1988?
August 1988
386
The retrofit sprinkler ordinance for high rise office buildings effected how many high rise buildings?
356
387
The retrofitted sprinkler ordinance required provisions of elevator lobby vestibules to be rated for how many hours?
1 hour
388
The retrofit sprinkler ordinance required provisions of a how many square foot, manually operated ventilation opening in stairshafts that access the top floor and does not penetrate the roof?
20 square foot
389
All high rises must have what 4 types of smoke control?
Openable windows
Breakable tempered glass on perimeter every 50 feet
Automatic smoke removal system
Combination of all
390
Per Ch 13 building design and fire protection system: Tempered glass is identified by what inch minimum luminous or reflective decals in a lower corner which indicates they are “tempered glass”?
2 inch
391
What is a total flooding system that is usually used to protect computers and other high value equipment?
Halon 1301
392
When halon is released and activated, what percent or more of the volume of the room will be composed of halon gas?
5% or more
393
Halon will decompose into toxic gases, principally phosgene, if permitted to heat to approximately what degree?
900 degree
394
Develop cause determination, demobilization plan, overhaul plan, and a re-entry/re-housing plan are the primary goals of the IC after what has been declared?
Knockdown
395
The primary responsibility for cause determination rests with who?
IC
396
Due to the magnitude of most high rise fires and associated dollar loss, the cause of determination as per department policy is done by what unit?
Arson
397
Who’s responsibility is it to preserve and guard the fire scene and evidence until the building or portions of the building are released for overhaul by the arson investigator?
IC
398
During the overhaul process, the first priority of the IC is to ensure that building is structurally what for firefighters?
Safe
399
If a change in air cannot be achieved through positive pressure or if air quality is determined to be unsafe when monitored by CO meters, overhaul may have to be done while wearing what?
SCBA
400
Who determines if overhaul should be done while wearing SCBAs?
IC
401
Who may be contacted to assist in determine the structural integrity of an area or floor?
Building and safety
402
For incidents requiring large-scale evacuation of a building, what unit should be established?
Re-entry/re-housing unit
403
What are the 10 responsibilities of lobby control?
```
Elevators
Stairwell access
Building engineer contact
Building communication system
Air handling system
Fire control room
Fire pumps (operating properly)
Equipment/personnel between base and staging
Pressurization of stairshafts
Request additional resources to assist lobby
```
404
In sealed buildings, breakable tempered glass windows on the perimeter of the building every 50 linear feet with what size square foot opening?
20 square feet
