Book 75 Heat Illness/injury

Question 1

What program centralized the LAFD procedures for the prevention, identification, remediation, and investigation of heat related illnesses and injuries?

Answer 1

Heat illness/injury program (HIIP)

Question 2

The HIIP is intended to meet the requirements for what title of the California code?

Answer 2

Title 8

Question 3

Title 8 California code requires the LAFD to implement an effective program and requires the LAFD to take how many steps to prevent heat illnesses and injuries?

Answer 3

4 steps

Question 4

What are the 4 steps that the LAFD implements in the program to prevent heat illnesses and injuries?

Answer 4

Water, shade, training, and planning

Question 5

Water must be provided so that each employee can drink how many quarts of water per hour?

Answer 5

1 quart

Question 6

Shade is provided for when employees believe they need a preventive recovery period for at least how many minutes?

Answer 6

5 minutes

Question 7

Outdoor and indoor fire service activities include what 3 operations?

Answer 7

Training, delivery of EMS, fire suppression operations

Question 8

What can occur due to several factors including environmental temperatures, humidity, radiant heat from the sun, physical exertion, encapsulation in PPE and other sources?

Answer 8

Heat illnesses and injuries

Question 9

The body’s ability to deal with what type of exhaustion is affected by age, weight, physical conditioning, medical conditions, medication, alcohol, energy drink use, and acclimatization?

Answer 9

Heat

Question 10

What type of illness is any serious medical condition resulting from the body’s inability to cope with a particular heat load and includes heat rash, heat cramps, heat syncope, heat exhaustion, heat stroke, and rhabdomyolysis?

Answer 10

Heat illness

Question 11

The human body regulates body heat through what?

Answer 11

Thermoregulation

Question 12

What is stimulated to react to body heat in 2 ways such as thermal receptors in the skin and through elevated blood temperature?

Answer 12

Hypothalamus

Question 13

The body dissipates heat through what 4 ways of heat transfer?

Answer 13

Radiation, conduction, convection and evaporation

Question 14

Evaporation of sweat from the skin surface has a cooling effect due to what of evaporation of water?

Answer 14

Latent heat

Question 15

What 4 things does sweat contain?

Answer 15

Water, lactate, urea, trace minerals

Question 16

Fluid loss of what percentage of body weight can contribute to significant decrease in work capacity?

Answer 16

1%

Question 17

Fluid loss of what percentage can cause lowered blood volume, decreased cardiac efficiency, and impaired thermoregulation?

Answer 17

4% to 5%

Question 18

Water loss during heavy work can reach 3 quarts per hour and nearly how many gallons per day?

Answer 18

3

Question 19

Low levels of what in muscles causes painful cramps?

Answer 19

Salt

Question 20

Employees who are most prone to what are those that are elderly, have high blood pressure, and those working in hot environments?

Answer 20

Heat exhaustion

Question 21

What are 2 factors that may contribute to heat syncope?

Answer 21

Dehydration and lack of acclimatization

Question 22

Of the 6 heat related disorders, which one is the most serious?

Answer 22

Heat stroke

Question 23

When heat stroke occurs, the body temperature can rise to 106 degrees within how many minutes?

Answer 23

10 to 15 minutes

Question 24

Traumatic, heat related, ischemic, and exertions late typically the 4 causes of what heat related disorder?

Answer 24

Rhabdomyolysis

Question 25

Myoglobin causes muscle cell breakdown when released into the blood stream (rhabdomyolysis), it can cause damage and failure to what organ?

Answer 25

Kidneys

Question 26

Acclimatization peaks in most people within how many days of regular work for at least 2 hours per day in the heat?

Answer 26

4 to 14 days

Question 27

Any member who takes a preventative cool down rest period must be monitored and asked if they are experiencing what type of symptoms?

Answer 27

Heat illness

Question 28

From what months usually have risk factors for heat illness/injury?

Answer 28

April to October

Question 29

Current and forecasted weather information is available to all members via the LAFD intranet under what tab of the home page?

Answer 29

“Weather”

Question 30

What is defined as any day in which the predicted high temperature for the day will be at least 80 degrees and at least 10 degrees higher than the average high daily temperature in the preceding 5 days?

Answer 30

Heatwave

Question 31

What are 3 factors to consider under the heat index conditions?

Answer 31

Type of working clothes and PPE, workload severity and duration, and amount of sun exposure

Question 32

The human body can lose over how many quarts of fluid within 1 hour by sweating?

Answer 32

1 quart

Question 33

An 8 hour work day equals to at least how many gallons of water per person?

Answer 33

2 gallons

Question 34

If designated as a high heat area, new or newly assigned members must be observed by supervisor or designed during the first how many days of employment?

Answer 34

14 days

Question 35

Essentially the LAFDs PPE ensemble is designed to keep heat out, but is limited with the release of heat from within the PPE, thus keeping body temperatures elevated and humidity values at nearly what percent?

Answer 35

100%

Question 36

What is the phone number for MFC still alarm?

Answer 36

(213)847-5340

Question 37

The importance of frequent consumption of small quantities of water, up to how many cups per hour, when the work environment is hot and employees are likely to be sweating more than usual in the performance of their duties?

Answer 37

4 cups

Question 38

Acclimatization is important for employees returning to work after prolonged absence, recent illness, or recently moving from cool to hot climate, for heavy work under hot conditions, a period of how many days of progressively increasing work time is recommended?

Answer 38

4 to 10 days