CFI-FOI Flashcards
(39 cards)
Explain behaviorism.
School of psychology that explains animal and human behavior entirely in terms of observable and measurable responses to stimuli. Human actions is measurable and predictable.
What is learning?
A change of behavior as a result of experience.
What is information processing theory?
Uses a computer system as a model for human learning. Human brain processes incoming info, stores and retrieves it, and generates responses to the info.
What is cognitive theory?
What is going on inside the mind the process of thinking and learning.
What is Constructivism?
Philosophy of learning that learners do not acquire knowledge and skills passively but actively build or construct them based on their experience.
What are the characteristics of learning? (RAMP)
Each student has specific intentions and goals. Students learn from any activity that furthers their goals. Students relate new learning to their own goals.
Result of experience: everybody reacts differently to every situation.
Active process: students need to react and respond.
Multifaceted: While learning one thing, students may learn other things as well, they also may begin to associate.
Purposeful: it must come across as having an application in order to be learned effectively.
What are the principles of learning? (REEPIR)
Readiness: basic needs must be met before learning can occur.
Effect: situations that are satisfactory are strengthened and situations followed by discomfort are weakened.
Exercise: the more the student does the task, the easier the task becomes.
Primacy: the thing the student learns first is going to stick the best, importance of teaching correct the first time.
Intensity: exciting and intense experiences help them to learn.
Recency: things most recently learned are best remembered.
What are the levels of learning? (RUAC)
Rote: memorization, repeat what was just learned but not understood.
Understanding: comprehend the nature of the meaning
Application: putting to use what has been understood and learned.
Correlation: associated/making connection of what has been learned to previous learning.
What are the three stages of learning a physical skill? (CAAM)
Cognitive: need to be thinking about every move.
Associative: associate muscle movements with flows.
Automatic: becomes second nature.
Muscle memory: reaction without deliberate thinking
What is memory? (SSL)
Memory is the vital link between student learning and the cognitive process of applying.
Sensory memory: receives initial stimuli from the environment and processes it according to his/her preconceived concept of . what is important.
Short-term memory: the memory system that stores information for roughly 30 seconds. The brain determines to lose it or . story to long-term memory.
Long-term memory: relatively permanent storage of unlimited info and is possible to remain for a lifetime.
What is the transfer of learning? (HRRS)
The ability to associate or applying knowledge or procedures learned in one context to new contexts.
Habit-forming: the formation of correct habit patterns from the beginning is paramount.
Remembering during training: Using building blocks by taking what has been learned on a day-to-day basis and maintaining . . that knowledge plus what is newly learned.
Remembering after training: remembering long-term after training concludes – six months.
Sources of knowledge: instructor is primary source of information but be able to recommend.
How do you teach in relation to human behavior?
Determine the students type of learning personality to effectively teach them.
What are the human needs? (BSBSS)
Biological: air, food, water, and maintenance of the human body.
Safety and security: the need to feel safe and free of harm.
Belonging: being part of a group knowing people care and overcoming feelings of loneliness and alienation.
Self-esteem: a positive view of one’s self worth.
Self-actualization: the idea that you’re doing what you were “born to do.”
What are the defense mechanisms? (PFC R3 D2)
Defense mechanisms are both biological and psychological, the flight or fight response.
Projection: puts blame on someone else.
Fantasy: uses imagination to the escape from reality, thinks about the way things should be instead of how they are.
Compensation: hides a weakness by emphasizing a strength in other areas.
Rationalization: uses plausible excuses to justify unacceptable actions, they may sincerely believe their own excuses.
Repression: takes a bad situation and puts it in the back of his mind or forgets it altogether.
Reaction formation: fakes a belief opposite to the true belief because the true belief causes anxiety.
Denial: the refusal to accept what is real because it is threatening.
Displacement: take out bad emotions less threatening targets.
How is a flight instructor a psychologist?
A flight instructor must learn how to analyze student behavior, their anxiety, normal reactions to stress, abnormal reactions to stress and actions an instructor takes regarding seriously abnormal students.
What are the normal reactions to stress? (BAAR)
Brain alerts the body when a threat is recognized.
Automatic responses to situations.
Responds rapidly and within the limits of their training.
Rational thinking occurs.
What are abnormal reactions to stress? (SIC)
Severe anger directed towards a flight instructor.
Inappropriate reaction such as extreme over Corporation, painstaking self-control, inappropriate laughter or see, and rapid . . . changes in motion.
Changes in mood for different lessons.
How should an instructor deal with a seriously abnormal student? (NEW)
No more instruction, refrain from instructing.
Evaluation flight with another instructor.
Withhold further endorsements and recommendations.
What are the basic elements of communication? (SSR)
Source: sender, speaker, writer, encoder, transmitter, instructor.
Symbols used: words, signs, hand gestures, models, props.
Receiver: listener, reader, decoder, student.
In consideration of communication what defines a good source?
Factor one: use language is essential to transmitting meaningful information to listener or reader.
Factor two: communicators consciously or unconsciously reveal attitudes toward themselves as a communicator.
Factor three: teach the most up-to-date and stimulating material.
What are the barriers to effective communication?
Interference such as a physiological interference as in a hearing loss, injury or physical illness. An environmental interference such as extremely loud noisy cockpit. A psychological interference such as how the student and instructor feel at the time of communication, thinking about outside situations and emotional problems. A lack of common experience, overuse of abstractions, and confusion between symbols and the symbolized object.
What are effective communication skills? (LIQIR)
Listening: know your student to properly teach them, and be a good listener.
Instructional communication: explained a particular procedure and the student makes the appropriate response.
Question: question the student to see if he/she is comprehending what is being taught.
Instructional enhancement: as an instructor never stop learning, the more the instructor knows the better the information is . . . conveyed.
Role-playing: learning in which students perform a particular role.
In respect to preparing a lesson plan describe a decision based and performance-based lesson?
Decision based allows for more dynamic training environment and are ideally suited to scenario type training. Teach aviation students critical thinking skills such as risk management and ADM.
Performance-based based defines exactly what needs to be done and how it is to be done during each lesson. Set measurable and reasonable standards that describe the desired performance. Use the PTS as a guideline for performance-based lesson plans.
What are main considerations when creating a lesson plan?
Determining what you’re going to present and how you’re going to present it, along with objectives and standards for the lesson.
