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Pathophysiology - Final Exam > Ch. 36 GI - Book/2 > Flashcards

Ch. 36 GI - Book/2 Flashcards

1
Q

UC is less common in people who

A

smoke

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2
Q

CD and smoking

A

increases the risk for developing severe disease

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3
Q

sx of DD

5

A
  1. cramping of lower abdomen
  2. diarrhea
  3. constipation
  4. distention
  5. flatulence
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4
Q

risk factors and theories of cause of IBDs include

4

A
  1. genes
  2. environment
  3. alterations in epithelial cell barrier function
  4. altered immune response to intestinal microflora
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5
Q

most common areas for CD

2

A
  1. distal small intestine

2. proximal large colon

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6
Q 
diverticular disease is associated with
3
-increased
-abnormal
-alterations
A
  1. increased intracolonic pressure
  2. abnormal neuromuscular function
  3. alterations in intestinal motility
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7
Q

what meds are used for tx of serious UC

3

A
  1. thioprine agents
  2. immunodulatory agents
  3. vedolizumad
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8
Q

idiopathic inflammatory disorder that affects any part of the GI tract from mouth to anus

A

CD

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9
Q

rectum aka

A

proctitis

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10
Q

diverticula

A

herniations or saclike outpouchings of the mucosa and submucosa through the muscle layers in the sigmoid colon

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11
Q

uncomplicated DD is tx with

2

A
  1. bowel rest

2. analgesia

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12
Q

imaging of the small intestine is used in dx what

A

CD

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13
Q

complicated diverticulitis includes

5

A
  1. abscess
  2. fistula
  3. obstruction
  4. bleeding
  5. perforation
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14
Q

what often relieves symptoms of DD

2

A
  1. increase fiber

2. probiotics

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15
Q

DD common associated finding is

A

thickening of the circular muscles and shortening of the longitudinal muscles surrounding the diverticula

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16
Q

what may cause large amounts of watery diarrhea in UC

2

A
  1. loss of absorptive mucosal surface

2. rapid colonic transit time

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17
Q

effective for initial therapy for CD

A

immunomodulatory (anti-TNF)

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18
Q

UC mucosal destruction and inflammation causes

3

A
  1. bleeding
  2. cramping pain
  3. urge to defecate
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19
Q

most common sx of CD

A

diarrhea

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20
Q

chronic inflammatory disease that causes ulceration of the colonic mucosa

A

UC

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21
Q

asymptomatic diverticular disease

A

diverticulosis

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22
Q

diverticulosis is

A

asymptomatic diverticular disease

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23
Q

UC that involve the entire colon sx

7

A
  1. abdominal pain
  2. fever
  3. elevated pulse rate
  4. frequent diarrhea
  5. urgency
  6. bloody stool
  7. crampy pain
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24
Q

what type of stool is common in UC

A

frequent diarrhea with passage of small amounts of blood and purulent mucus

25
Q

CD aka

3

A
  1. granulomatous colitis
  2. ileocolitis
  3. regional enteritis
26
Q

diverticula most common location

A

sigmoid colon

27
Q

bleeding and cramping pain from anus

A

UC

28
Q

UC complications include

3

A
  1. fissures
  2. hemorrhoids
  3. perirectal abscess
29
Q

chronic relapsing IBDs

2

A

UC

CD

30
Q

component of therapy for CD

A

stop smoking

31
Q

predisposing factors for DD

7

A
  1. older age
  2. genes
  3. obesity
  4. smoking
  5. diet
  6. lack of physical activity
  7. medications (aspirins)
32
Q

if the diverticula become inflamed or abscesses form, what can develop
3

A
  1. fever
  2. leukocytosis
  3. tenderness of the LLQ
33
Q

CD typical lesion is a

A

granuloma with a cobblestone appearance

34
Q

most common site for skip lesions of CD

2

A
  1. ascending colon

2. transverse colon

35
Q

urge to defecate is to

A

UC

36
Q

sx of CD

4

A
  1. diarrhea
  2. rectal bleeding
  3. weight loss
  4. abdominal pain
37
Q

UC

A

chronic inflammatory disease that causes ulceration of the colonic mucosa

38
Q

diverticula can occur where

A

anywhere in GI tract, particularly in weak points in the colon wall

39
Q

CD inflammation begins and spread with

A

begins in the intestinal submucosa and spreads with discontinuous transmural involvement (skip lesions)

40
Q

if CD involved the ileum what may the patient be

A

anemic as a result of malabsorption of vitamin B12

41
Q

frequent diarrhea with small amounts of blood and purulent mucus

A

UC

42
Q

UC common location

2

A

rectum

sigmoid colon

43
Q

UC mucosa is

A

hyperemic and may appear dark red and velvety

44
Q

UC mild to mod disease is tx with

2

A

5-aminosalicyclate therapy followed by steroids

45
Q

definitive tx for CD

A

none

46
Q

hypoalbuminemia is a sx of

A

CD

47
Q

the primary lesion of UC begins with

A

inflammation at the base of the crypt of Lieberkuhn in the large intestine

48
Q

biomarkers for CD

A

none

49
Q

CD

A

idiopathic inflammatory disorder that affects any part of the GI tract from mouth to anus

50
Q

herniations or saclike outpouchings of the mucosa and submucosa through the muscle layers in the sigmoid colon

A

diverticula

51
Q

UC lesions appear around what age

A

20-40 yrs old

52
Q

the course of UC consists of

A

intermittent periods of remission and exacerbation

53
Q

what medications can cause DD

2

A
  1. aspirin

2. non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs

54
Q

CD - fistulae may form in the

A

perianal area

55
Q

ulcerations of CD can produce

A

fissures that extend inflammation into lymph tissue

56
Q

diverticulitis

A

represents inflammation

57
Q

cause of diverticular disease is

A

unknown

58
Q

disease begins in the rectum and extends proximally to the entire colon

A

UC

Pathophysiology - Final Exam (26 decks)

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