Ch. 36 GI - Book/4

Question 1

primary biliary cirrhosis

Answer 1

chronic, autoimmune cholestatic liver disease

Question 2

oliguria is to

Answer 2

hepatorenal syndrome

Question 3

alcoholic liver disease is related to

2

Answer 3

toxic effects of alcohol and coexisting liver disease

Question 4

alcoholic fatty liver aka

Answer 4

steatosis

Question 5

hepatorenal syndrome - the renal failure is not caused by primary renal disease but rather by
3

Answer 5

1. portal HTN
2. cardiac impairment
3. circulatory alterations associated with advanced liver disease i.e. cirrhosis

Question 6

cirrhosis - mitochondrial function is impaired which does what

Answer 6

decreases oxidation of fatty acid

Question 7

alcoholic fatty liver/steatosis is caused by

Answer 7

small amounts of alcohol

Question 8

the incidence of alcoholic cirrhosis is greatest in

Answer 8

middle age men

Question 9

hard/firm liver that is cobblestoned

Answer 9

cirrhosis

Question 10

alcoholic fatty liver/steatosis

Answer 10

mildest form of alcoholic liver disease

Question 11

liver - excessive amounts of acetaldehyde alter what

Answer 11

hepatocyte function and activate hepatic stellate cells (cells that cause fibrosis)

Question 12

steatosis aka

Answer 12

alcoholic fatty liver

Question 13

cirrhosis fibrosis is a consequence of
3
-infiltration of
-release of
-activation of

Answer 13

1. infiltration of leukocytes
2. release of inflammatory mediators
3. activation of hepatic stellate cells and myofibroblasts

Question 14

hepatorenal syndrome manifestations include

6

Answer 14

1. oliguria
2. sodium and water rentention
3. ascites
4. peripheral edema
5. hypotension
6. peripheral vasodilation

Question 15

irreversible inflammatory, fibrotic liver disease

Answer 15

cirrhosis

Question 16

alcoholic hep and cirrhosis liver function tests are

Answer 16

abnormal

Question 17

the spectrum of alcoholic liver disease includes

3

Answer 17

1. alcoholic fatty liver
2. alcoholic steatophepatitis
3. alcoholic cirrhosis

Question 18

hepatorenal syndrome - the renal failure is not caused by

Answer 18

primary renal disease

Question 19

sodium and water retention with ascites and peripheral edema

Answer 19

hepatorenal syndrome

Question 20

damage and inflammation leading to cirrhosis that begin in bile canaliculi and bile ducts

Answer 20

biliary cirrhosis

Question 21

precursor of cirrhosis

Answer 21

alcoholic steatohepatitis/alcoholic hepatitis

Question 22

NAFLD is

Answer 22

infiltration of hepatocytes with fat in the absence of alcohol

Question 23

chronic, autoimmune cholestatic liver disease

Answer 23

primary biliary cirrhosis

Question 24

alcoholic steatohepatits is characterized by
4
-increased
-inflammation
-degeneration
-infiltration

Answer 24

1. increased hepatic fat storage
2. inflammation
3. degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes
4. infiltration of neutrophils and lymphocytes

Question 25

alcoholic hepatitis - cells contain what that indicate the onset of fibrosis

Answer 25

mallory bodies

Question 26

biliary cirrhosis damage and inflammation leading to cirrhosis begin where

Answer 26

in bile canaliculi and bile ducts

Question 27

NAFLD is associated with | 4

Answer 27

1. obesity 2. high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides 3. metabolic syndrome 4. type 2 DM

Question 28

cirrhosis increases the risk of

Answer 28

hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 29

cirrhosis is

Answer 29

an irreversible inflammatory, fibrotic liver disease

Question 30

functional renal failure that develops as a complication of advanced liver disease

Answer 30

hepatorenal syndrome

Question 31

what develop with advanced fatty infiltration or onset of alcoholic hepatits 4

Answer 31

1. anorexia 2. nausea 3. jaundice 4. edema

Question 32

hepatorenal syndrome is

Answer 32

functional renal failure that develops as a complication of advanced liver disease

Question 33

cirrhosis - fatty infiltration sx

Answer 33

no specific symptoms or abnormal liver function test results

Question 34

hypotension and peripheral vasodilation

Answer 34

hepatorenal syndrome

Question 35

alcoholic hepatitis - what stimulate the irreversible fibrosis characteristics of the cirrhotic stage of disease 2

Answer 35

inflammation | necrosis

Question 36

two most common causes of cirrhosis

Answer 36

1. alcohol | 2. hep b and c

Question 37

primary cell involved in liver fibrosis

Answer 37

hepatic stellate cells

Question 38

alcohol is transformed to

Answer 38

acetaldehyde

Question 39

prolonged partial or complete obstruction of the common bile duct or branches by gallstones, tumors, fibrotic stricture, or chronic pancreatitis causes

Answer 39

secondary biliary cirrhosis

Question 40

alcoholic steatohepatitis aka

Answer 40

alcoholic hepatitis

Question 41

NAFLD stands for

Answer 41

nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Question 42

cirrhosis structural changes result from | 2

Answer 42

1. injury | 2. fibrosis

Question 43

secondary biliary cirrhosis is caused by

Answer 43

prolonged partial or complete obstruction of the common bile duct or branches by gallstones, tumors, fibrotic stricture, or chronic pancreatitis

Question 44

cirrhosis live size

Answer 44

usually enlarged

Question 45

``` alcoholic hep and cirrhosis serologic studies show 3 -elevated -decreased -prolonged ```

Answer 45

1. elevated levels of serum enzymes and bilirubin 2. decreased albumin 3. prolonged prothrombin time

Question 46

``` alcoholic cirrhosis is caused by the toxic effects of 5 -alcohol -immunologic -inflammatory -oxidative -mal ```

Answer 46

1. alcohol metabolism on liver 2. immunologic alterations 3. inflammatory cytokines 4. oxidative stress from lipid peroxidation 5. malnutrition