Ch. 36 GI - Book/6

Question 1

hypovolemia, hypotension, and shock are sx of

Answer 1

acute pancreatitis

Question 2

pancreatitis develops because of

Answer 2

obstruction to the outflow of pancreatic digestive enzymes caused by bile and pancreatic duct obstruction

Question 3

goal of tx for acute pancreatitis is to

2

Answer 3

stop process of autodigestion and prevent systemic complications

Question 4

pancreatitis that is usually mild and resolves spontaneously

Answer 4

acute

Question 5

epigastric or midabdominal constant pain that radiates to back

Answer 5

pancreatitis

Question 6

common age for pancreatitis

Answer 6

50-60

Question 7

chronic pancreatitis pain is associated with

5

Answer 7

1. increased intraductal pressure
2. ischemia
3. neuritis
4. intra-abdominal HTN
5. ongoing injury

Question 8

abdominal distention with bowel hypomotility is to

Answer 8

acute pancreatitis

Question 9

risk factor for pancreatic cancer

Answer 9

chronic pancreatitis

Question 10

characteristics lab finding for acute pancreatitis

Answer 10

elevated amylase

Question 11

elevated serum lipase levels is to

Answer 11

primary dx marker for acute pancreatitis

Question 12

what increase the risk for chronic pancreatitis (besides alcohol)
3

Answer 12

1. obstruction from gallstones
2. smoking
3. genes

Question 13

pancreatitis pain is caused by

4

Answer 13

1. edema
2. chemical irritation and inflammation of peritoneum
3. irritation or obstruction of the biliary tract
4. inflammation of nerves

Question 14

acute pancreatitis complications can include

6

Answer 14

1. ARDS
2. heart failure
3. renal failure
4. coagulopathies
5. intra abdominal HTN
6. systemic inflammatory response syndrome SIRS

Question 15

chronic pancreatitis is a process of

Answer 15

progressive fibrotic destruction of the pancreas

Question 16

pancreatitis risk factors

8

Answer 16

1. obstructive biliary tract disease
2. alcoholism
3. obesity
4. peptic ulcers
5. trauma
6. hyperlipidemia
7. hypercalcemia
8. smoking

Question 17

progressive fibrotic destruction of the pancreas

Answer 17

chronic pancreatitis

Question 18

chronic pancreatitis - what contribute to the destruction of acinar cells and islets of langerhans
2

Answer 18

1. toxic metabolites

2. chronic release of inflammatory cytokines

Question 19

elevated amylase is to

Answer 19

acute pancreatitis

Question 20

pancreatitis - what accompany the inflammatory response

2

Answer 20

fever

leukocytosis

Question 21

chronic pancreatitis - may be required to relieve pain and prevent cystic rupture
2

Answer 21

endoscopic or surgical drainage of cysts or partial resection of pancreas

Question 22

develops because of obstruction to the outflow of pancreatic digestive enzymes caused by bile and pancreatic duct obstruction

Answer 22

pancreatitis

Question 23

inflammation of the pancreas aka

Answer 23

pancreatitis

Question 24

which pancreatitis can lead to DM

Answer 24

chronic

Question 25

systemic effects of acute pancreatitis are related to

Answer 25

release of proinflammatory cytokines into the bloodstream

Question 26

acute pancreatitis can result from direct cell injury from

3

Answer 26

alcohol
drugs
virus

Question 27

most common cause of chronic pancreatitis

Answer 27

chronic alcohol abuse

Question 28

acute pancreatitis tx - to decrease pancreatic secretion and rest the gland, what may be done initially

Answer 28

stop oral intake

Question 29

because of obstruction, what happens to the pancreas

Answer 29

activated enzymes cause autodigestion of pancreatic cells and tissues, resulting in inflammation

Question 30

the cardinal manifestations of acute pancreatitis is

Answer 30

epigastric or midabdominal constant pain that radiates to back

Question 31

primary dx marker for acute pancreatitis

Answer 31

elevated serum lipase levels

Question 32

acute pancreatitis - what occurs because plasma volume is lost as inflammatory mediators release into the circulation and dilate vessels
5

Answer 32

1. hypovolemia
2. hypotension
3. tachycardia
4. myocardial insufficiency
5. shock

Question 33

chronic pancreatitis is a risk factor for

Answer 33

pancreatic cancer

Question 34

common sx of chronic pancreatitis

2

Answer 34

1. continuous or intermittent abdominal pain

2. weight loss

Question 35

chronic pancreatitis - to correct enzyme deficiencies and prevent malabsorption, what is done

Answer 35

oral enzyme replacements are taken before and during meals

Question 36

manifestations of what are present in late stages of chronic pancreatitis

Answer 36

pancreatic enzyme deficiency