Chapter 14 - Important Concepts - Part 2 Flashcards
(47 cards)
Neo-Freudian theories share what with Freud’s original theory?
unconscious influences
Importance of early experience in shaping personality
How do Neo-Freudian theories differ from Freud’s original theory?
Place less emphasis on sexuality and more emphasis on social drives (culture/need for approval)
Most Neo-Freudians are more optimistic concerning prospects for personality growth throughout the lifespan
For Adler, the principle motive in human personality was what?
striving for superiority
Inferiority complex is a popular term coined by who?
Adler
What was an issue with Adler’s theory?
Hard to falsify
Freud’s version of the unconscious for Jung was called what?
Personal unconscious
This theory accounts for cultural similarities in myths and legends.
Jung’s theory - collective unconscious
These explain the similarities across people in their emotional reactions to many features of the world, such as the mother, godess, mandala.
archetypes
What was an issue with Jung’s theory?
Hard to falsify
First major feminist personality theorist.
Karen Horney
Instead of penis envy, Karen Horney believed that women’s sense of inferiority stemmed from what?
Their excessive dependency on men
When does Horney believe the Oedipus complex occurs?
When the opposite sex parent is overly protactive and the same-sex parent is overly critical.
Behavioural theories of personality were pioneered by who??
B. F. Skinner
What was a major corroborance between behavioural theories of personality and psychoanalytic theory?
psychic determism
What do behaviourists reject from Freud’s theory?
Reject the notion that early years are drivers of personality
Behaviourists do not beliee that personality plays a role in ________ behaviour, but rather that personality ________ of behaviours
causing
consists
For radical behaviourists, our personalities are bundles of _______ acquired by _______ and ________ conditioning.
habits
classical
operant
Radical behavioursists view personality as under the control of what two major influences?
Genetic factors
Contingencies (reinforcers/punishers) in the environment
Although Skinner and Freud would have agreed that we are unconscious of the reasons we do what we do, how did they differ on this point?
Freud - unconscious drivers inside us (id)
Skinner - unconscious drivers outside us (contingencies)
These theorists emphasize thinking as a cause of personality
social learning theorists
Social learning theorists emphasize ________ ________ - the tendency for people to mutually influence each otehr’s behaviour.
reciprocal determinism
Social learning theorists propose that much of the learning that occurs is due to ____________ learning.
observational
People with an ______ locus of control believe that life events are due largely to their own efforts and personal characteristics.
internal
People with an _________ locus of control believe that life events are largely a product of chance and fate.
external
