Chapter 4 Part 1

Question 1

what is histology

Answer 1

study of tissues

Question 2

what is a group of cells with the same structure and functioin

Answer 2

tissue

Question 3

what does tissue mean

Answer 3

woven

Question 4

what is blood/csf

Answer 4

check for sickle cell, bacteria/ viral infection

Question 5

what is a biopsy

Answer 5

removal of tissue via surgery or needle for diagnosis

Question 6

what is an autopsy

Answer 6

postmortem exam to determine cause of death

Question 7

what are the 3 primary germ layers

Answer 7

endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm

Question 8

what is the inner layer in the GI tract , often seen in digestive and respiratory tract

Answer 8

endoderm

Question 9

what is the middle layer often seen in muscular and skeletal system and is the dermis of the skin

Answer 9

mesodern

Question 10

what is the outer layer in skin and gives rise to all nervous tissue

Answer 10

ectoderm

Question 11

what are four tissue types

Answer 11

epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous

Question 12

what tissue plays a role in protection and has no blood supply

Answer 12

epithelial

Question 13

what tissue connections to the epithelial and allows filtration

Answer 13

connective

Question 14

what tissue allows contraction and movement

Answer 14

muscle

Question 15

what tissue is the master controller of the body and is responsible for communication

Answer 15

nervous

Question 16

what tissue is predominately cells and covers body surfaces

Answer 16

epithelial tissue

Question 17

what is tissue is capable of regeneration (mitosis)

Answer 17

epithelial

Question 18

what is the role of cell connections

Answer 18

anchor cells to one another and to the basement membrane

Question 19

what are the 3 functions of cell connections

Answer 19

mechanically bind cells together, form a permeability barrier, and are a mechanism for intercellular communication

Question 20

what cell connection bind epithelial cells together and are found in areas of mechanical stress

Answer 20

desmosomes

Question 21

what cell connection binds cells to basement membrane and anchors to prevent movement of tissue

Answer 21

hemidesmosomes

Question 22

what cell connection anchor cells to one another and form barriers to molecule movement between epithelial cells

Answer 22

tight junctions

Question 23

what cell connection is found just below tight junctions and help tight junctions anchor epithelial cells to each other

Answer 23

adhesion belts

Question 24

what connection allows intercellular communication. contact region with protein channels that allows small molecules to go between cells

Answer 24

gap junctions

Question 25

what connectioin is found in cardiac muscle, and uses electrical signaling. consists of gap junctions and desmosomes that maintain cell contact with one another

Answer 25

intercalated discs

Question 26

what are six functions of epithelial tissue

Answer 26

protection acts as a barrier (waterproofing), diffusion, filtration, secretion, and absorption

Question 27

what are 3 specializations of epithelial tissue

Answer 27

goblet cells, cilia, microvili

Question 28

locations of epithelial tissues

Answer 28

skin, mucous membranes, digestive and respiratory tract, heart and blood vessels, and cavity walls

Question 29

exocrine=

Answer 29

grandular

Question 30

what is it called when it secretes to surface area skin

Answer 30

exocrine

Question 31

endocrine=

Answer 31

ductless gland

Question 32

what is it called when it secretes into blood

Answer 32

endocrine

Question 33

simple means how many layers with how many types

Answer 33

1 and 4 types

Question 34

stratified means how many layers and types

Answer 34

more than one layer and 4 types

Question 35

squamous means

Answer 35

flattened

Question 36

cuboidal means

Answer 36

cube

Question 37

columnar means

Answer 37

column

Question 38

simple squamous epithelium is what and how are they lined up

Answer 38

1 layer of flat cells, nuclei horizontally distended

Question 39

what is the role of simple squamous epithelium

Answer 39

it creates lots of surface area to aid in gases diffusing diffusion, filtration, secretion, and protect from friction

Question 40

where are simple squamous epithelial cells found

Answer 40

in the heart and bv, lung alveoli, kidney tubules, serous membrane linings

Question 41

simple cuboidal epithelium is what

Answer 41

1 layer of cubed cells, microvilli seen in kidney tubules and cilia in lung bronchioles

Question 42

what epithelium has max cell volume with minimal surface area with a high metabolism and mitosis

Answer 42

simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 43

what is the role of simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 43

secretion / absorption by kidney tubules and secretion by glands and movement of mucus

Question 44

where is simple cuboidal epithelium found

Answer 44

in kidney tubules, glands/ ducts, choroid plexus of the brain, ovarian surface, the lining of terminal bronchioles of lungs

Question 45

1 layer of columnar cells

Answer 45

simple columnar epithelium

Question 46

cilia in lung bronchioles, uterine tubes, microvilli in intestines and tight junctions join cells

Answer 46

simple columnar epithelium

Question 47

role of simple columnar epithelium

Answer 47

movement of mucus, help move oocyte through uterine tube, secretion by glands, stomach, intestine, absorption by intestines

Question 48

location of simple columnar epithelium

Answer 48

glands/ ducts, lung bronchioles, uterus, uterine tubes, stomach, intestine

Question 49

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Answer 49

1 layer of columnar cells some apical surface other do not. the nuclei are not uniform and there are different levels

Question 50

whose role is making, secreting, and moving mucus

Answer 50

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 51

what is found in nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, trachea and bronchi

Answer 51

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 52

what epithelium layer plays a role in protection against abrasion, barrier from infection, reduces water loss from body

Answer 52

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 53

what is several layers thick, flattened cells at surface to cuboidal in basal layer

Answer 53

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 54

where are stratified squamous epithelium cells found

Answer 54

skin epidermis (keratinized) and nonkeratinized is mouth, throat, larynx, esophagus, anus, vagina

Question 55

stratified cuboidal epithelium is

Answer 55

multiple layers of cube-shaped cells

Question 56

where is stratified cuboidal epithelium found

Answer 56

sweat and salivary gland ducts, ovarian follicular cells

Question 57

what layer is found in mammary gland ducts, larynx and part of the male urethra

Answer 57

stratified columnar epithelium

Question 58

whos role is accomodation of flux of fluid volume and protects against caustic effect of urine

Answer 58

transitional epithelium

Question 59

what cells are found in the lining of the urinary bladder, ureter, and upper urethra

Answer 59

transitional epithelium

Question 60

what makes up transitional epithelium

Answer 60

stratified cells that look cuboidal when not stretched and squamous when distended by fluid