Flashcards in Chapter 6 Deck (42):
1
Perception
How to interpret signals
2
Selective Attention
The focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus as in the cocktail party effect
3
Cocktail Party Effect
Focusing on one thing amid a group setting
4
Inattentional Blindness
Failing to see visual objects when attention is directed elsewhere
5
Change Blindness
Doesn't notice a change in the visual field due to brief visual interruption
Out of sight out of mind
6
Change Deafness
Didn't notice a change in sound
7
Choice Blindness
Not recognizing what was chosen
8
Pop-Out Phenomenon
Noticeably different stimuli demanding attention
9
Illusions
Visual stimuli perceived differently from reality
10
Visual Capture
Tendency for vision to dominate other senses
11
Gestalt
An organized whole
Integration of pieces into meaningful wholes
12
Figure-Ground
Organization of he visual field into objects that stand out from surroundings
13
Grouping
Tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups
14
Proximity
Grouping nearby figures together
15
Similarity
Grouping similar figures together
16
Continuity
Perceiving smooth continuous patterns
17
Connectedness
Uniform and linked together
18
Closure
Filling in gaps creating a whole object
19
Depth Perception
A part of the visual field
Ability to see objects in 3D to judge distance
20
Visual Cliff
Lab device testing depth perception
21
Binocular Clues
Depth clues, retinal disparity and convergence, depend on two eyes
22
Retinal Diaparity
Binocular cue for perceiving depth
Greater = closer and vice versa
23
Monocular Cues
Depth cues with interposition, linear perspective, available to either eye alone
24
Relative Size
More distance makes it smaller and vice versa
25
Interposition
Objects overlap each other
26
Relative Clarity
Hazy = further away objects and vice versa
27
Convergence
Binocular cue for perceiving depth - converging inward
Greater inward stain = closer and vice versa
29
Texture Gradient
Texture signals determine distance
30
Relative Height
Higher in visual field = further away and vice versa
31
Relative Motion
Objects more stable appear to move
32
Linear Perspective
Parallel lines converge with distance
33
Light and Shadow
Nearby objects reflect light, dimmer = further away
34
Phi Phenomenon
An illusion of movement when lights blink in rapid succession
35
Stroboscopic Movement
Pictures put together to create movement
Stop motion animation
36
Perceptual Constancy
Perceiving objects as unchanging even as retinal images and illumination changes
37
Perceptual Adaptation
In vision, the ability to adjust to an artificially placed or inverted visual field
38
Context Effect
The influence of environmental factors on one's perception of a stimulus
39
Perceptual Set
Mental predisposition o perceive one thing and both the other
40
Schemas
With experience we form concepts to organize and interpret unfamiliar info
41
Human Factor Psychologists
Psychologists who make machines easy to use
42
Extrasensory Perception (ESP)
Perception can occur without sensory input
43