CV 4 BP

Question 1

Stroke volume calc

Normal number

Answer 1

LVEDV- LVESV

70 ml

Question 2

CO calc and normal

Answer 2

SV x HR

5 LPM

Question 3

EF calc and normal

Answer 3

SV/LVEDV

55-70%

Question 4

PP Calc and normal

Answer 4

SBP-DBP

40

Question 5

MAP calc 3 ways and normal

Answer 5

CO x SVR

1/3 SBP + 2/3 DBP

DBP + 1/3PP

93

Question 6

Factor that controls heart rate

What 2 things affected by increased HR

Answer 6

Chronotropic

CO and BP increase

Question 7

What factor controls contractility

If it increases, what increases leading 2 two more things increasing

Answer 7

Inotropic

EF increases which leads to increased CO and BP

Question 8

SVR leads to ___ decreasing and ___ increasing

Answer 8

CO

BP

Question 9

CVP increase leads to ___ increase, which leads to ___ increasing, and __ and __ increasing

Answer 9

LVEDV
SV
CO and BP

Question 10

What polycythemia and anemia do to blood

Answer 10

Poly makes it harder to push blood, more resistance

Anemia makes it easier to push blood

Both from viscosity

Question 11

Viscosity affect which factor of blood pressure

Answer 11

Peripheral resistance

Question 12

What happens to HR and which system controls it when BP increases and decreases

Answer 12

Increases- heart rate lowers from PNS

Decreases- heart rate increases from SNS

Question 13

What bainbridge reflex does

Answer 13

RAP stretch, atrial receptors stimulated, heart rate increases

Question 14

What baroreceptor reflex does

Answer 14

Increased RAP increases CO and BP. Decrease HR

Question 15

What happens to HR when we inhale and exhale

Answer 15

Inhale goes up

Exhale goes down

Question 16

Intrapleural pressure is always ___

While inhaling it becomes

While exhaling it becomes

Answer 16

Negative

More negative

Less negative, more positive

Question 17

How ventilation affects intrapleural pressure

Answer 17

Open lungs with pressure, pressure will be positive

Question 18

What more pressure in intrapleural space does to heart

Answer 18

Compresses atria and increases CVP

Question 19

Increase in preload does what to SV and CO

Answer 19

Increases both

Question 20

How to increase stroke volume without contractility

Answer 20

Greater preload
More crossbridges
Optimal overlap
More crossbridges from more calcium

Question 21

What has little effect on contractility

Answer 21

PNS

Question 22

What cant be directly equated to contractility

Answer 22

Force of contraction

Question 23

What 7 things affect contractility

Answer 23

SNS
Hormones
Failure 
Conditioning 
Ischemia 
Infarction

Question 24

What happens to CVP with SNS stim

What happens to cvp with volume loss and how it compensates

Answer 24

Increases

Decreases quickly, compensate with vasoconstriction of veins

Question 25

How arteriole can control getting blood

Answer 25

Decides for itself, releases ACE/Ang II and endothelin to vasoconstrict

Question 26

Tissue blood flow Who gets most 2 Which vital organs get most What doesnt get a lot at rest

Answer 26

Liver and kidney- filter blood Heart and brain, brain gets less than heart per mass Muscle

Question 27

3 means of local control of blood flow

Answer 27

Metabolic regulation Autoregulation/myogenic regulation Shear stress induced vasodilation

Question 28

Metabolic regulation of flow controls what and not what

Answer 28

Precapillary sphincter, not arteriole

Question 29

What autoregulation does

Answer 29

Arterial bp high or low, brain wants and needs constant blood flow Smooth muscle arterioles constrict when they see high pressure and maintain same flow

Question 30

How shear stress affects vascular smooth muscle

Answer 30

Blood going faster, feel more shear stress. Translated into NO which causes vessel to relax and get more NO

Question 31

Where baroreceptors are located and what they respond to

Answer 31

Wall of aortic arch, vagus nerve Carotid sinus, glossopharyngeal nerve Changes in stretch

Question 32

ANP and BNP do what

Answer 32

Tell kidney to dump sodium, decreases overall fluid volume because water follows

Question 33

Vasopressin action

Answer 33

Vasoconstrictor released from posterior pituitary

Question 34

Ang II effect

Answer 34

Vasoconstriction made from renin and ace action on angiotensin

Question 35

Endothelin action

Answer 35

Vasoconstrictor released on endothelium

Question 36

Epinephrine action and released by what

Answer 36

Vasoactive and cardioactive, adrenal medulla. Constriction and increased BP

Question 37

ANP action and released by what

Answer 37

Dilator released by heart, causes na loss

Question 38

3 vasoactive humoral regulators that affect BP in long run

Answer 38

Ang II Vasopressin ANP

Question 39

Vasoconstrictors | 3

Answer 39

Norepi Ang II Vasopressin

Question 40

Vasodilator 2

Answer 40

Bradykinin and histamine

Question 41

3 things that work in seconds to minutes to regulate BP

Answer 41

Baroreceptors Chemoreceptors Cns ischemic response

Question 42

Things with intermediate speed to regulate bp

Answer 42

Capillary shift | Renal blood volume