Flashcards in DIT DNA viruses Deck (32)
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1
What can cause temporal lobe encephalitis?
HSV1
(most common cause of sporadic encephalitis in US)
2
Where does HSV 1 lay dormant?
Trigeminal ganglia (sensory neurons)
3
What causes keratoconjucntivitis and herpes labialis among other things?
HSV-1
4
Where does HSV-2 lay dormant?
Sacral nerve root ganglia
5
What type of virus is VZV? where is it latent?
varicella zoster is latent in DRG.
It is a herpes virus (HHV-3)
6
What do you see with positive Tzanck smear?
What tests positive?
HSV 1, 2, or VZV (makes sesnse, the ones that blister b/c you take the cells from the bottom of blisters)
Multinucleated giant cells
7
What has cowry bodies?
What are they?
HHV 1-3 (cows have herpes)
Intranuclear eosinophilic inclusions
8
What is sign and symptoms of EBV?
What happens if you mistreat it? IMPORTANT TO KNOW!
Looks like strep
Fever
Sore throat
Lymphadenopathy (post cervical nodes)
Exudative pharyngitis
Don't give amoxicillin, otherwise you GET A RASH. Maculopapular rash of turn and extremeties
9
What is Dx of EBV (aka HHV4)?
Monospot test: heterophile antibodies destroy HORSE and SHEEP RBCs
10
Mononucleosis but negative heterophile test? What is differential Dx?
CMV
ACUTE HIV DONT MISS
acute toxoplasmosis
viral hep
strept throat
11
EBV associated malignancies?
remember, latent in body for long time
Hodgkin lymphoma
Burkitt lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Diffuse large cell lymphoma
Oral leukoplakia
Lymphoproliferative disorder
12
What are risks of CMV in AIDS?
Retinitis "sightomegalovirus"
Ulcer in GI tract
Esophagitis
13
What cells are infected by CMV?
Mononuclear cells. Cells. can be latently infected forever
14
What is roseola progression? What is the complication?
3-5 day fever (more than 102) followed by diffuse maculopapular rash (blotchy red everywhere)
Complication is possible febrile seizures.
Will be in kid before 2 years old
15
Dark flat nodular skin lesions in immunocompromised is what?
What can be affected?
Kaposi sarcoma. HHV-8.
Can affect GI and lungs (later can cause hemoptysis)
16
Acyclovir is for what diseases? Mechanism?
Side effects?
HSV, and VZV and weak EBV (no cmv)
Thymidine kinase of virus activates it to make a guanosine analog and interrupts transcription.
Maybe renal affects if poor hydration
17
Ganciclovir is for what disease?
Mechanism?
Toxicity?
5' monophosphate formed by CMV viral kinase and it is a guanosine analo
CMV IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED
TOX: lower blood founds and higher creatinine (bone marrow suppression and renal tox)
18
Foscarnet is for what?
MEchanism?
Tox?
pyroFOSphate drug is FOScarnet
Inhibits DNA polymerase without activation of viral kinase
Renal tox (again) and anemia (makes sense)
Use: resistant HSV and CMV retinitis in immunocompromised who aren't responding
19
What are Downey cells?
T cells attacking EBV infection (they are the atypical T cells (not infected, just aggressive))
20
Lactulose mechanism?
Acidifies GI to trap NH4 and you won't asorb it when hyeprammonia
21
Homogentisic acid oxidase deficiency causes what?
alkaptonuria
22
Sickle cell patient has aplastic anemia. What is Dx?
Aplastic crisis in parvovirus (ssDNA)
23
Parvovirus presentation?
Kid with slapped cheeks
Adult: Rh arthritis like symptoms that resolves after a few weeks
24
What virus can cause hydrops fettles and miscarriage?
Parvovirus. (it is part of the Other in TORCH infections)
25
What papillomaviruses are bad?
What causes common warts?
Genome?
16 and 18 are bad
1 and 2 are common warts
Circular dsDNA
26
Which DNA virus have circular DNA?
O for circular in the Omavirus and hepadenavirus is partially stranded circular
papillOmavirus
polyOmavirus
27
Kid with URI followed by diarrhea. What is dx?
Adenovirus
28
What virus can cause aute hemorrhagic cystitis?
Adenovirus
29
Patient has flewsh colored dome lesions with central dimple. What is dx?
Molluscum contagiosum: VERY CONTAGIOUS. Leave them alone
Poxvirus. LARGE DNA VIRUS
30
Pox viruses are what?
Small pox
Cowpox (can be used as smallpox vaccine, duh)
Molluscum contagiosum
31
What is multifocal encephalitis in HIV? What other virus is of this family?
JC virus: progresive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV
It is a polyOmavirus (circular DNA)
BK virus is Bad Kidney in transplant patients
32
