DIT Micro G+

Question 1

Identify strep agalactaie

Answer 1

cat - beta hem bacitracin resistant (also has capsule so quelling)

Question 2

Identify strep pneumo

Answer 2

cat - alpha hemo opti sensitive (also quelling pos b/c casule)

Question 3

identify strep viridans

Answer 3

cat - alpha hem opti r and no capsule

Question 4

Identify enteroccosus

Answer 4

catalase - gamma hemolysis (none) Grows in bile and in Na 6.25% (makes sense it grows in rough places)

Question 5

Anearobic g+ rod?

Answer 5

Clostridium (yeah its anaerobic, that shit C botulinum grows in jarred beans, there is no air in that)

Question 6

G+ rods?

Answer 6

Corynebacterium, listeria, bacillus, mycobacterium

Question 7

G+ branching filament that anaerobic?

Answer 7

actinomyces and not acid fast

Question 8

G+ branching that is acid fast and aerobic?

Answer 8

nocardia

Question 9

MRSA is resistant to methicillin how? What can it cause?

Answer 9

Altered Penicillin binding protein.

Skin infections and abscess and much more!!!

Question 10

What is protein A?

Answer 10

Staph makes it and it binds immunoglobulin

Disrupts opsonization and phagocytosis

Question 11

What makes yellow colonies?
Yellow granules?
Blue green pigment?
Red pigment?

Answer 11

Staph Auereus (aureus means gold)

Actinomyces isrealii (isreal has yellow sand

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Auregeno is green

Serrratia marcescens (marachino cherry is red)

Question 12

When does staph epidermis cause problems? Treatment?

Answer 12

Enters blood stream and hits up the foreign things.

Prosthetic valves and joints

Lots of resistance. Use Vanco+/- rifampin (Q bank)

Question 13

Staph Staph sapro causes what?

Answer 13

Second most common cause of UTI. 10-20% of them and prevalent in sexually active females

Question 14

What is strep pnumo the most common cause of (4 things). How do they describe it on a test?

Answer 14

MOPS

Meningitis
Otitis media
Pneumonia
Sinusitis
Splenectomy: fulminent septicemia

lobar consolidation
Sudden chills
Rust or brown colored sputum

Question 15

S pneumo virulance factors?

Answer 15

Capsule! (SHiN SKiPS)
IgA protease (SHiN)

Strep Pneumo, H influ, Neis m, Salmonella (b/c sickle cell osteomyelitis after autosplenectomy) klebsiella, Psuedomonas Strep Agalactiae

Question 16

What do you use for a prophylaxis if turbulent heart flow problem before dental procedure? What are your dying to make sure you don’t get?

Answer 16

Amoxicillin to prevent strep sanguinis from endocarditis. No turbulent flow would cause no problems

Question 17

What causes necrotizing fasciitis?

Answer 17

Strep pyogenes (i guess bacitracin on wounds might be a good idea)

Question 18

What skin infection can staph a and strep pyogenes both cause?

Answer 18

Cellulitis and impetigo?

Question 19

How duo you diagnose rheumatic fever?

Answer 19

Jones criteria.
1. Recent group A strep
2 major criteria or one major and two minor

Joints
<3 pancarditis (endo/peri/myo)
Nodues
Erythema marginatum (can appear and disappear)
Sydenham chorea

Minor: less specific. Just know the top

Question 20

What does group B strep cause? What do docs do about it?

Answer 20

pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis in babies most often b/c normal flora in 25% of women who are asymptomatic

Do a vaginal swab at 35-37 weeks then give penicillin during labor to protect the neonate

Question 21

What do you consider for neonatal sepsis?

Answer 21

Group B strep
E coli
Listeria

Question 22

What can enterococci cause?

Answer 22

UTI, biliary tract infection and subacute endocarditis after GI procedure.

Hardy bug

Question 23

What is a hardy bacteria?

Answer 23

Enterococci (makes sense b/c it lives in shit)

Grow in 6.5 NaCl and bile
Resistant to pen G
Some are vanco resistant (VRE is vancomycin resistant enterococcus)

Question 24

Enterobacter vs enterococcus?

Answer 24

Enterobacter is G- rod

Enterococcus is G+ rod

Question 25

What do consider if strep bogus causes subacute colon cancer?

Answer 25

Cancer colon!

Question 26

What can cause subacute endocarditis?

Answer 26

``` Strep viridans (most common) Enterococci Strep bovis (colon cancer) Coag (-) staph HACEK ``` ``` Haemophilis a Actinobacillus Cardiobacterium Eikenella Kingella ```

Question 27

What toxin is similar to that produced by diphtheria?

Answer 27

Psuedomonas exotoxin A also stops EF-2 | pseudomembrane toxin similar to pseudomonas exotoxin a!

Question 28

Spore forming G+ rods are obligate anaerobes?

Answer 28

Clostridia Anthrax Botulism Tetanis Perphringes

Question 29

What does psuedomonas alpha toxin do?

Answer 29

Clostridium. phospholipase that makes GAS GANGRENE and myonecrosis. Enterotoxin also for food poisoning

Question 30

C diff toxins?

Answer 30

Toxin A is for binding brush border Toxin B is cytotoxin causing actin depolimerization

Question 31

Bacillus anthraces produces what?

Answer 31

Aerobic G+ Edema factor Cutaneous spores under skin to large black escar

Question 32

What are the obligate anaerobes? How do you treat?

Answer 32

Cant Breath Air Clostridium (G+) Bacteroides (G-) Actinomyces (G+) Metronidazole or clindamicin

Question 33

What is only gram + to make LPS?

Answer 33

Listeria (can cause sepsis)

Question 34

How do you recognize and treat actinomyces?

Answer 34

Usually around face and yellow pus coming out (actinomyces is yellow granules producing!) Tx is penicillin

Question 35

Nocardia recogniziton and tx?

Answer 35

acid fast and filamentous aerobe Sulfa