Endocrine System

Question 1

define hormone

Answer 1

-type of signally molecule produced by glands
-transported by circulatory system to target organs

Question 2

define gland

Answer 2

-endocrine gland are ductless glands of endocrine system that secrete hormones into blood

Question 3

role of hypothalamus

Answer 3

-connected to pituitary gland and responsible for stimulating the release of hormones

Question 4

hormones released by pituitary gland

Answer 4

Anterior- Adrenocortical trophic hormone
Posterior- Oxytocin

Question 5

Effect of adrenocortical trophic hormone

Answer 5

Stimulates adrenal cortex and release of cortisol during stress response

Question 6

Effect of oxytocin

Answer 6

-responsible uterous contractions childbirth

Question 7

Hormone released by Pineal Gland and its effect

Answer 7

Melatonin
-responsible for biological rhythms such as sleep wake cycle

Question 8

Hormone released by Thyroid Gland and its effect

Answer 8

Thyroxine
-responsible for regulating metabolism

Question 9

Hormones released by Adrenal Gland

Answer 9

Adrenal Medulla: adrenaline & noradrenaline
Adrenal Cortex: cortisol

Question 10

Effect of adrenaline & noradrenaline

Answer 10

Key hormones in right of flight response

Question 11

Effect of cortisol

Answer 11

-stimulate release glucose to provide body with energy

Question 12

Hormone released by Ovaries and its effect

Answer 12

Oestrogen
-control regulation formal reproductive system

Question 13

Hormone released by Testes and its effect

Answer 13

Testosterone
-development make sex characteristics during puberty

Question 14

Hypothalamus and Pituitary gland have special receptors…

Answer 14

-special receptors monitor levels cortisol circulating in blood
-respond to increase in cortisol levels by reducing secretions of adrenocorticol trophic hormone
-this returns levels of cortisol to normal
-limits potentially dangerous effects of cortisol on body

Question 15

Why the feedback system may not always work

Answer 15

-Some researchers believe that this feedback system can become faulty when individuals exposed to long term stress
-longer exposed to stress more negative effects on endocrine system
-might explain why individuals in stressful jobs may suffer more stress related illness