extra lect 5

Question 1

where is the n terminus on the antibody

Answer 1

on the variable end

Question 2

how many disulfide bonds in antibodies

Answer 2

4

Question 3

what results in two heavy chain and two light chains

Answer 3

mercapteothanol reduction

Question 4

what results in two Fab and one Fc

Answer 4

papain reduction

Question 5

what resulst in an Fab connected and one Fc

Answer 5

pepsin digestion

Question 6

secreted and membrane ig ahve same _ and different _

Answer 6

same fab different fc

Question 7

antibodies interact w antigens at

Answer 7

complementarity detemrining regions (loops n Fab egion)

Question 8

what is the part of the antibody that isnt CDR called

Answer 8

framework region

Question 9

what kind of interactions mediate ab and ag interaction

Answer 9

non covaelnt
ionic
h bond
vdw

Question 10

most abundant protein in blood

Answer 10

albumin

Question 11

electrophoresis separates proteins by

Answer 11

charge and mass positive closer and -ve farther

Question 12

what reactions prove that Abs are substances

Answer 12

agglutination rxns

shows us that the valency of Abs AND antigens is important to have cross linking at zone of equivalnce and prevent clotting

Question 13

biological consequences of ab binding

Answer 13

activation of complement
transcytosis
opsonization
degranulation
ADCC

Question 14

wjat os trancytosis

Answer 14

moving ab across epithelial layers

Question 15

where does generation of ab diversity occur

Answer 15

in bone marrow

Question 16

what is the igL called

Answer 16

bene jones proteins

Question 17

what are the two types of light chains

Answer 17

kappa
lambda

Question 18

how many possible c gene alleles are there

Answer 18

4 bc two light and two parents

Question 19

where is the 12bp cluster and 23 bp cluster

Answer 19

12- v
23- j

Question 20

how does heavy chain rearrangement work

Answer 20

d and j THEN v w the d+j

Question 21

order of b cell types

Answer 21

lymphoid stem cell
pro
pre
immature
niave
matuer

Question 22

joining of DNA segment on B cell is regulated by

Answer 22

RSS ergions on the DNA that flank the segments

12/23 rule- 12 can only join w 23

Question 23

combinatorial diversity

Answer 23

v/d/jj

Question 24

junctional diversity

Answer 24

flexibility of RSS joinoing and P and N nucleotide addition

Question 25

what is an episome

Answer 25

the garbante signal joint formed from RSS joining by RAG 1/2 occurs if the segments lie in the same direction

Question 26

RAG1/2

Answer 26

enxymes that recognize RSS and cut the DNA

Question 27

how do RAG 1/2 work

Answer 27

bind- form hairpin cut the hairpin- form P nucleotide N nucleotide addition by Tdt

Question 28

what enzyme cleaves the hairpin

Answer 28

artemis

Question 29

where does N nucleotide additoin occur

Answer 29

in the heavy chain only NOT IN LIGHT CHAIN

Question 30

what happesn if the gene segments are in opposite directions

Answer 30

the signal joint remians i nthe genomic DNA and must be ignored through RNA processing RNA processing is how we have secreeted and membarne bound forms of the same Abs

Question 31

diversity of heavy and light chains occurs

Answer 31

independenty of each other

Question 32

what are the gene segments that make up the heavy chain

Answer 32

VDJ and Cu

Question 33

apoptosis vs necrosis

Answer 33

apoptosis- programmed cell death/ suicide -involves phagocytes necrosis- disintegration, and release and inflamamtion

Question 34

what ensures only one Ab per B cell is expressed

Answer 34

allelic exclusion and productive rearragement

Question 35

what activates B cells

Answer 35

antigen binding

Question 36

12RSS 23RSS

Answer 36

12- one turn 23- two turns

Question 37

where are CD markers expressed

Answer 37

on b and t cels

Question 38

tCR a chain is like what and TCR b chain is like what

Answer 38

a- light b- heavy

Question 39

chaperone for the TCR

Answer 39

CD3 invariant

Question 40

valency and conformation of T and B cell receptors

Answer 40

B can bind to two things and has 4 chains flexible T can bind to one thing and has two chains rigid

Question 41

what are the differences bw BCR and TCR

Answer 41

TCR not secreted affinity of binding doesnt change when bound valency and conformation antigen recognition- T cells require MHC

Question 42

what is not involved in TCR diveristy that is in BCR divesity

Answer 42

SHM Somatic gene conversion

Question 43

what induces TCR diversity

Answer 43

multiple germ line segments combinatorial VDJ combinatorial paiting of a and B chains !!!!! receptor editing junctional and insertional diversity

Question 44

what dont TCR have that BCRs have

Answer 44

RNA splicing

Question 45

what antibody is found on immature B cells

Answer 45

igM

Question 46

B cell anergy

Answer 46

state of unresponsiveness where B cells that have self reactive Ab go to periphery

Question 47

what happens if RAG genes are mutated

Answer 47

NO B OR T CELLS

Question 48

B cell receptor editing

Answer 48

mosty on light chain can be on heavy intercation of BCR w self Ag in BONE MARROW