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Neuropsychology 343 > Final - Exam (9/20) - [Exam 1 - Section 3] > Flashcards

Final - Exam (9/20) - [Exam 1 - Section 3] Flashcards

(107 cards)

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1
Q

A neuron receives up to _________ connections from other neurons

A

15,000

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2
Q

Inputs can _________ or _________ the neuron

A
  • excite

- inhibit

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3
Q

Input into neurons can be:

  • _________
  • _________
A
  • Excitatory

- Inhibitory

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4
Q

_________ :

  • -Partial depolarization (resting membrane potential is less negative)
  • -Excitatory postsynaptic potential (_____ )
A
  • Excitatory

- EPSP

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5
Q

Excitatory:

  • -Partial depolarization (resting membrane potential is _________ negative)
  • -Excitatory _________ potential (EPSP)
A
  • less

- postsynaptic

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6
Q

_________ :

  • -Partial hyperpolarization (resting membrane potential is more negative)
  • -Inhibitory postsynaptic potential (_____)
A
  • Inhibitory

- IPSP

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7
Q

Inhibitory:

  • -Partial hyperpolarization (resting membrane potential is _________ negative)
  • -Inhibitory postsynaptic _________ (IPSP)
A
  • more

- potential

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8
Q

Inhibitory:

  • -Partial _________ (resting membrane potential is more negative)
  • -Inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)
A

-hyperpolarization

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9
Q

Excitatory:

  • -Partial _________ (resting membrane potential is less negative)
  • -Excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)
A

depolarization

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10
Q

Whether a neuron fires depends on the sum of the _________ it receives from other _________

A
  • inputs

- neurons

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11
Q

Inputs on neuron combined:

_________ summation:
Potentials arriving within a short amount of time

A

Temporal

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12
Q

Inputs on neuron combined:

_________ summation
Potentials arriving at different points on the dendrites and cell bodies at the same time

A

Spatial

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13
Q

Inputs on neuron combined:

Temporal summation:
Potentials arriving within a _________ amount of time

A

short

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14
Q

Inputs on neuron combined:

Spatial summation:
Potentials arriving at different points on the dendrites and cell bodies at the _________ time

A

same

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15
Q

Postsynaptic Neuron firing:

Summed potentials spread to _________ – if above threshold neuron fires

A

axon hillock

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16
Q

Postsynaptic Neuron firing:

Summed potentials spread to axon hillock – if _________ threshold neuron fires

A

above

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17
Q

neuron integrates information from many _________

A

inputs

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18
Q

888888888
Two parts of the nervous system:

  • _________ nervous system
  • -Autonomic and somatic nervous system
  • -Reflexes
  • _________ nervous system
  • -Brain and spinal cord
  • -Meninges
  • -Blood-brain barrier
A
  • Peripheral

- Central

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19
Q

888888888
Two parts of the nervous system:

  • Peripheral nervous system
    • _________ and _________ nervous system
  • -Reflexes
  • Central nervous system
  • -Brain and spinal cord
  • -Meninges
  • -Blood-brain barrier
A
  • Autonomic

- somatic

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20
Q

888888888
Two parts of the nervous system:

  • Peripheral nervous system
  • -Autonomic and somatic nervous system
    • _________
  • Central nervous system
  • -Brain and spinal cord
    • _________
  • -Blood-brain barrier
A
  • Reflexes

- Meninges

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21
Q

888888888
Two parts of the nervous system:

  • Peripheral nervous system
  • -Autonomic and somatic nervous system
  • -Reflexes
  • Central nervous system
    • _________
  • -Meninges
    • _________
A
  • Brain and spinal cord

- Blood-brain barrier

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22
Q

A _________ is a single neural cell

A

neuron

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23
Q

A _________ is a bundle of axons running together like a multi-wire cable

A

nerve

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24
Q

A nerve is a bundle of axons running together like a multi-wire _________

A

cable

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25
the term nerve is only used in the _________ nervous system (____)
- peripheral | - PNS
26
Inside the _________ - -bundles of axons are called tracts or projections - -Groups of neuron cell bodies are called nuclei
central nervous system (CNS)
27
Inside the central nervous system (CNS) - -bundles of axons are called _________ or projections - -Groups of neuron cell bodies are called _________
- tracts | - nuclei
28
Inside the central nervous system (CNS) - -bundles of _________ are called tracts or projections - -Groups of _________ cell bodies are called nuclei
- axons | - neuron
29
The nervous system is split into 2 parts: - _________ - _________
- Central nervous system (CNS | - Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
30
Central nervous system (CNS): | _________
Brain and spinal cord
31
Peripheral nervous system (PNS): | Everything outside the _________
CNS
32
Peripheral nervous system: _________ – works automatically without our awareness (regulates heart beat, digestion, glandular activity, breathing etc) _________ – control of skeletal muscles
- Autonomic | - Somatic
33
Peripheral nervous system: _________ : - -Parasympathetic - -Sympathetic
Autonomic
34
Peripheral nervous system: Autonomic – works automatically without our _________ (regulates heart beat, _________, glandular activity, breathing etc) Somatic – control of _________ muscles
- awareness - digestion - skeletal
35
Peripheral nervous system: Autonomic: -- _________ – calming (eg, rest and digest - decreases blood pressure and heart rate)
Parasympathetic
36
Peripheral nervous system: Autonomic: -- _________ – stimulating (eg, fight or flight response – increase in blood pressure and heart rate)
Sympathetic
37
Peripheral nervous system: Autonomic: --Parasympathetic – calming (eg, rest and digest - _________ blood pressure and _________ )
- decreases | - heart rate
38
Peripheral nervous system: --Sympathetic – stimulating (eg, _________ response – _________ in blood pressure and heart rate)
- fight or flight | - increase
39
Peripheral nervous system: _________ – control of skeletal muscles
Somatic
40
888888888 | _________ – an automatic response to stimuli involving sensory and motor neurons
REFLEXES
41
888888888 | REFLEXES – an automatic response to stimuli involving _________ and _________ neurons
- sensory | - motor
42
888888888 | The basic unit of the _________ is the neuron
nervous system
43
888888888 3 different types of neurons: - _________ neurons - Interneurons - _________ neurons
- Sensory | - Motor
44
888888888 3 different types of neurons: - _________ – transmit information to the CNS from peripheral sense organs and tissues
Sensory neurons
45
888888888 3 different types of neurons: - _________ – transmit information within local circuits or across short distances
Interneurons
46
888888888 3 different types of neurons: - _________ – transmit information from the CNS to muscles (contract or relax) and glands
Motor neurons
47
888888888 3 different types of neurons: - Sensory neurons – transmit information to the _________ from peripheral sense _________ and tissues - Interneurons – transmit information within local circuits or across short distances - Motor neurons – transmit information from the CNS to muscles (contract or relax) and glands
- CNS | - organs
48
888888888 3 different types of neurons: - Sensory neurons – transmit information to the CNS from peripheral sense organs and tissues - Interneurons – transmit information within local _________ or across _________ distances - Motor neurons – transmit information from the CNS to muscles (contract or relax) and glands
- circuits | - short
49
888888888 3 different types of neurons: - Sensory neurons – transmit information to the CNS from peripheral sense organs and tissues - Interneurons – transmit information within local circuits or across short distances - Motor neurons – transmit information from the CNS to _________ (contract or relax) and _________
- muscles | - glands
50
CNS protected by the _________
blood-brain barrier
51
-Blood-Brain Barrier- Capillaries supplying blood to the CNS have _________
tight junctions
52
-Blood-Brain Barrier- CNS protected by the blood-brain barrier - -Capillaries supplying blood to the CNS have tight junctions - -Limits substances that can move from the blood to the _________ tissue
CNS
53
888888888 | _________ – towards back (superior)
Dorsal
54
888888888 | Dorsal – towards back (_________ )
superior
55
888888888 | _________ – towards stomach (Inferior)
Ventral
56
888888888 | Ventral – towards stomach (_________)
Inferior
57
_________ – front (rostral)
Anterior
58
Anterior – front (_________)
rostral
59
_________ – back (caudal)
Posterior
60
Posterior – back (_________)
caudal
61
_________ – towards middle
Medial
62
Medial – towards _________
middle
63
_________ – Away from middle | (towards outside)
Lateral
64
Lateral – Away from middle | (towards _________ )
outside
65
Right – your _________
right
66
Left – your _________
left
67
_________ – same side
Ipsilateral
68
Ipsilateral – _________ side
same
69
_________ – opposite side
Contralateral
70
Contralateral – _________ side
opposite
71
888888888 | _________ = hindbrain, midbrain, diencephalon
Brain stem
72
888888888 | Brain stem = _________, midbrain, _________
- hindbrain | - diencephalon
73
888888888 | Brain stem = hindbrain, _________, diencephalon
midbrain
74
888888888 | _________ = cortex, basal ganglia, limbic system, hypothalamus, thalamus
Forebrain
75
888888888 | Forebrain = cortex, _________, limbic system, _________, thalamus
- basal ganglia | - hypothalamus
76
888888888 | Forebrain = _________, basal ganglia, limbic system, hypothalamus, _________
- cortex | - thalamus
77
888888888 | Forebrain = cortex, basal ganglia, _________, hypothalamus, thalamus
limbic system
78
888888888 | _________ = ventral tegmental area, substantia nigra
Midbrain
79
888888888 | Midbrain = ventral tegmental area, _________
substantia nigra
80
888888888 | Midbrain = _________, substantia nigra
ventral tegmental area
81
888888888 | _________ = pons, medulla, cerebellum
Hindbrain
82
888888888 | Hindbrain = pons, _________, cerebellum
medulla
83
888888888 | Hindbrain = _________, medulla, _________
- pons | - cerebellum
84
The brain divided into 3 main parts: - _________ - Midbrain - _________
- Forebrain | - Hindbrain
85
The brain divided into 3 main parts: - Forebrain - _________ - Hindbrain
Midbrain
86
Forebrain: - _________ - Thalamus - _________
- Cerebral cortex | - hypothalamus
87
Forebrain: - Cerebral cortex - _________ - hypothalamus
Thalamus
88
_________ : - Substantia nigra - ventral tegmental area
Midbrain
89
Midbrain: - _________ - ventral _________ area
- Substantia nigra | - tegmental
90
Hindbrain: - _________ - pons - _________
- Medulla | - cerebellum
91
Hindbrain: - Medulla - _________ - cerebellum
pons
92
-Multiple inputs are required to cause an _________
action potential
93
-resting membrane potential = ___mV
-70
94
_________ = -70mV
resting membrane potential
95
The closer the axon _________ lands on the neuron body towards the axon _________ the stronger the potential it has
- terminal | - hillock
96
The closer the axon terminal lands on the _________ body towards the axon hillock the _________ the potential it has
- neuron | - stronger
97
Hyperpolarizing = _________
inhibitory
98
_________ = inhibitory
Hyperpolarizing
99
_________ = everything outside the brain and spinal cord (CNS)
PNS
100
PNS = everything outside the _________
brain and spinal cord (CNS)
101
_________ - Bleeding often starts in the epidural space
Adult Head trauma
102
Adult Head trauma - Bleeding often starts in the _________
epidural space
103
Blood-brain barrier = capillaries with _________ junctions
tight
104
_________ = superior, essentially along the hair line
Dorsal
105
Dorsal = superior, essentially along the _________
hair line
106
_________ = issue on the same side, right side head injury, right arm problem
Ipsilateral
107
Ipsilateral = issue on the _________ side, right side head injury, _________ arm problem
- same | - right

Neuropsychology 343 (20 decks)

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