Final Exam - Section 2 (11/17/16)

Question 1

Frontal lobe lesions:
Cognitive effects-

_________ thinking (e.g., several correct answers to a question)

Answer 1

Divergent

Question 2

Frontal lobe lesions:
Cognitive effects-

_________ - Lack of spontaneity including speech*
Cannot come up with words starting with a particular letter
_________ or the right number of letters

Answer 2

• Divergent thinking

- spontaneously

Question 3

Frontal lobe lesions:
Cognitive effects-

Divergent thinking - _________ orbitofrontal lesion mainly

Answer 3

Left

Question 4

Frontal lobe lesions:
Cognitive effects-

Divergent thinking - Left _________ lesion mainly

Answer 4

orbitofrontal

Question 5

Frontal lobe lesions:
Cognitive effects-

Divergent thinking -
Also deficits in _________ spontaneously and in other behaviors
-Patients appear to be lethargic

Answer 5

drawing

Question 6

Frontal lobe lesions:
Cognitive effects-

Divergent thinking -
_________ -
Deficit in developing strategies for solving _________ problems

Answer 6

• Strategy formation

- novel

Question 7

Frontal lobe lesions:

_________ -
-Perseveration on tasks such as Wisconsin card sorting task and stroop test

Answer 7

Response inhibition

Question 8

Frontal lobe lesions:

Response inhibition-
-Perseveration on tasks such as _________ card sorting task and _________ test

Answer 8

• Wisconsin

- stroop

Question 9

Frontal lobe lesions:

Response inhibition-

• Cannot move to a new _________ as rules change
• Aware of deficit but cannot _________ behavior

Answer 9

• strategy

- change

Question 10

Frontal lobe lesions:

Response inhibition-

• Frontal lobes necessary for _________ in behavior
• Mainly _________ damage

Answer 10

• flexibility

- left dorsolateral

Question 11

Frontal lobe lesions:
Risk taking and rule breaking

_________ - Inability to modify responses

Answer 11

Risk taking

Question 12

Frontal lobe lesions:

Risk taking - Inability to modify responses

• Persist in making _________ choices in Iowa gambling task
• Orbitofrontal damage

Answer 12

-poor

-

Question 13

Frontal lobe lesions:

Risk taking - Inability to modify responses

• Persist in making poor choices in Iowa gambling task
• _________ damage

Answer 13

Orbitofrontal

Question 14

Frontal lobe lesions:

Rule breaking – will persist in breaking rules despite _________

Answer 14

instructions

Question 15

Frontal lobe lesions:

_________ -
-Recency memory test

Answer 15

Temporal memory

Question 16

Frontal lobe lesions:

Temporal memory -

_________ -
-Series of cards with two symbols on each presented to patient
-Test card has two symbols with ? between them
Need to identify which symbol on test card patient saw most recently

Answer 16

-Recency memory test

Question 17

Frontal lobe lesions:

Temporal lobe patients cannot recognize they have _________ the objects before but can identify which _________ they saw them

Answer 17

• seen

- order

Question 18

Frontal lobe lesions:

Social and sexual behavior-

• _________ cues important for appropriate behavior

Answer 18

Contextual

Question 19

Frontal lobe lesions:

Social and sexual behavior-

Frontal lobe damage causes _________ behavior that does not change with social context

Answer 19

inappropriate

Question 20

Frontal lobe lesions:

Personality changes-

_________ – damage to left orbitofrontal lobe mostly
-A change in personality that mimics depression

Answer 20

Pseudodepression

Question 21

Frontal lobe lesions:

Personality changes-

Pseudodepression – damage to left orbitofrontal lobe mostly
-A change in personality that mimics _________

Answer 21

depression

Question 22

Frontal lobe lesions:
Personality changes-

Pseudodepression – damage to _________ orbitofrontal lobe mostly

Answer 22

left

Question 23

Frontal lobe lesions:
Personality changes-

Pseudopsychopathy – damage to _________ orbitofrontal lobe mostly

Answer 23

right

Question 24

Frontal lobe lesions:
Personality changes-

_________ – damage to right orbitofrontal lobe mostly
-Personality change with inappropriate behavior

Answer 24

Pseudopsychopathy

Question 25

Frontal lobe lesions: Personality changes- _________- Cognitive functions intact – can have intelligent conversations and are knowledgeable

Answer 25

Pseudodepression

Question 26

Frontal lobe lesions: Personality changes- _________- Quiet, do not initiate conversations, apathetic, indifferent, reduced sex drive, little emotion, little interest in family members or their current situation

Answer 26

Pseudodepression –

Question 27

Frontal lobe lesions: Personality changes- _________- Immature, tactless, impulsive, coarse language, promiscuous, increased motor activity

Answer 27

Pseudopsychopathy

Question 28

Frontal lobe lesions: _________ – ability to complete problem solving tasks

Answer 28

Fluid intelligence

Question 29

Frontal lobe lesions: Fluid intelligence - - Ability to reason quickly and think _________; a combination of reasoning and abstract thought - Medial and _________ prefrontal cortex

Answer 29

- abstractly | - dorsolateral

Question 30

Frontal lobe lesions: Fluid intelligence - - Ability to reason quickly and think abstractly; a combination of _________ and abstract thought - Medial and dorsolateral _________ cortex

Answer 30

- reasoning | - prefrontal

Question 31

Frontal lobe lesions: Disorders that influence frontal lobes- _________ - Impaired on frontal lobe function tests

Answer 31

Schizophrenia

Question 32

Frontal lobe lesions: Disorders that influence frontal lobes- _________ - - Lack of facial expression - Wisconsin card sorting test - Delayed response tasks

Answer 32

Parkinson’s patients

Question 33

Frontal lobe lesions: Disorders that influence frontal lobes- Parkinson’s patients - Lack of _________ expression - Wisconsin card sorting test - Delayed _________ tasks

Answer 33

- facial | - response

Question 34

Frontal lobe lesions: Disorders that influence frontal lobes- _________ - - Wisconsin card sorting test - Spatial memory – delayed response tasks - Alcoholics

Answer 34

Korsakoff’s syndrome

Question 35

Frontal lobe lesions: Disorders that influence frontal lobes- Korsakoff’s syndrome- - Wisconsin card sorting test - _________ memory – delayed response tasks - _________

Answer 35

- Spatial | - Alcoholics

Question 36

Frontal lobe lesions: Disorders that influence frontal lobes- _________- Changes in blood flow for long periods after last drug use

Answer 36

Drug addiction

Question 37

Frontal lobe lesions: Disorders that influence frontal lobes- _________ - - Changes in neurons in orbitofrontal and medial prefrontal lobes - -Impulsive, compulsive - -Response perseveration

Answer 37

Drug addiction

Question 38

Frontal lobe lesions: Disorders that influence frontal lobes- Drug addiction- - Changes in neurons in orbitofrontal and medial _________ lobes - -Impulsive, compulsive - - _________ perseveration

Answer 38

- prefrontal | - Response

Question 39

Frontal lobe lesions: Disorders that influence frontal lobes- _________ - - Changes in neurons in prefrontal regions - -Temporal memory deficits - -Decreases in cognitive abilities with age due to long-term stress

Answer 39

Chronic stress

Question 40

Frontal lobe lesions: Disorders that influence frontal lobes- Chronic stress- - Changes in neurons in _________ regions - -Temporal memory deficits - -Decreases in cognitive abilities with age due to long-term stress

Answer 40

-prefrontal

Question 41

Frontal lobe lesions: Disorders that influence frontal lobes- Chronic stress- - Changes in neurons in prefrontal regions - - _________ memory deficits - -Decreases in _________ abilities with age due to long-term stress

Answer 41

- Temporal | - cognitive

Question 42

Consciousness (the state of being conscious; awareness of one’s own _________ , sensations, thoughts, surroundings etc.)

Answer 42

-existence

Question 43

Attention and consciousness - _________ directs complex actions of body and brain

Answer 43

Nervous system

Question 44

_________- - Awareness - Aware of the world

Answer 44

Consciousness

Question 45

Attention - Can be _________ (aware) or _________ (not aware) processes

Answer 45

- conscious | - unconscious

Question 46

Attention Some behaviors performed with little attention _________ – unconscious, involuntary - Can be developed by training (stopping at red light) or is inherent - - _________ processing

Answer 46

- Automatic processes | - Bottom-up

Question 47

Attention- Some behaviors performed with little attention Automatic processes – unconscious, involuntary - Can be developed by _________ (stopping at red light) or is _________ - -Bottom-up processing

Answer 47

- training | - inherent

Question 48

Attention- - Behaviors that are not automatic require _________ attention - - _________ processing – finding route

Answer 48

- focused | - Top-down