Flashcards in Final Exam - (9/6/16, 9/8/16) Deck (74)
Loading flashcards...
1
_________ – the study of the nervous system
Neuroscience
2
_________ - the study of the relationship between behavior and brain function
Neuropsychology
3
Neuropsychology -
-The study of _________ human behavior (emotion, cognition etc.) based on the function of the _________
-Assessment of changes in _________ and neural function due to disease or traumatic brain injury
-Involves physiology, biopsychology, anatomy, biochemistry, pharmacology etc
-normal
-brain
-behavior
4
Neuropsychology -
-The study of normal human behavior (emotion, cognition etc.) based on the function of the brain
-Assessment of changes in behavior and _________ function due to disease or _________ brain injury
-Involves physiology, _________, anatomy, _________, pharmacology etc
-neural
-traumatic
-biopsychology
-biochemistry
5
All psychological processes are based on _________ processes, many of which occur in the _________
-biological
-brain
6
_________ is a description of the things the brain does
mind = brain _________
-Mind
-activity
7
Damage to one brain _________ may affect one aspect of a _________
-region
-behavior
8
Example of distributed _________ organization of function – the case of HM
Treatment for epilepsy – bilateral surgical removal of medial aspects of _________ lobe Surgery caused specific memory problems – could not form new memories
Old memories were retained
-hierarchical
-temporal
9
-Distributed hierarchical organization of function-
If unique aspects of a behavior reside in different areas of the brain, why don’t we perceive the different aspects of the behavior? _________ problem
Binding
10
_________ -
Multiple brain regions involved in forming
and interpreting images but we perceive a _________ image
-Vision
-single
11
Vision:
-Conscious and unconscious _________ streams
--Damage to conscious stream
(ventral stream) – cannot see or _________ an object
--No damage to unconscious stream
(dorsal) stream – can reach for an object but
cannot see it
-neural
-recognize
12
Vision:
-Conscious and unconscious _________ streams
--Damage to conscious stream
(_________ stream) – cannot see or recognize an object
--No damage to unconscious stream
(_________) stream – can reach for an object but
cannot see it
-ventral
-dorsal
13
-Neurons and Neural Transmission -
Premise - All _________ processes are due to biological processes, particularly the biological processes in the _________ system and the brain
-psychological
-nervous
14
-Neurons and Neural Transmission-
The building blocks of the nervous system –_________
NEURONS
15
-Neurons and Neural Transmission-
The brain has been estimated to consist of _________ billion neurons
85 - 120
16
-Neurons and Neural Transmission-
Neurons = ___% of the brain’s cells, _________ cells 2 – 10 times the number of neurons
-10
-glial
17
-Neurons and Neural Transmission-
Neurons receive, _________, and pass on _________ in the brain
-integrate
-information
18
-Neurons -
Signals travel from the _________ to the terminal branches of the _________
-dendrites
-axon
19
-Neurons-
-Signals are called _________ and consist of a brief change in the electrical _________ of the neuron
-Travel at 2 – 200 miles/h
-ACTION POTENTIALS
-polarization
20
-Neurons-
-Signals are called ACTION POTENTIALS and consist of a brief change in the electrical polarization of the neuron
-Travel at _________ miles/h
2 – 200
21
-Neurons-
_________ - bushy, branching extensions that receive messages and conduct them toward the _________
--The greater the surface area of dendrites the more information they can receive – dendritic spines increase surface area
-DENDRITES
-cell body
22
-Neurons-
DENDRITES - bushy, branching extensions that receive messages and conduct them toward the cell body
--The greater the _________ of dendrites the more information they can receive
– _________ increase surface area
-surface area
-dendritic spines
23
-Neurons-
CELL BODY (_________) – contains the nucleus with _________
--Conducts metabolic processes to support the survival of the neuron (energy, waste removal etc)
-Soma
-DNA
24
-Neurons-
CELL BODY (Soma) – contains the nucleus with DNA
--Conducts _________ processes to support the survival of the neuron (energy, _________ removal etc)
-metabolic
-waste
25
-Neurons-
_________ - extension of the neuron through which signals are passed – can be very long or very short
- _________ (start of axon)
-Axon terminals (teleodendria)
-AXON
-Axon hillock
26
-Neurons-
_________ – glial cells filled with fatty tissue (myelin) that surround the axons of many neurons allowing signals to be rapidly passed down the axon
- _________ - gaps in myelin sheath through which action potentials are transmitted
MYELIN SHEATH
-NODES of RANVIER
27
-Neurons-
MYELIN SHEATH – glial cells filled with _________ (myelin) that surround the axons of many _________ allowing signals to be rapidly passed down the axon
-NODES of RANVIER - gaps in myelin sheath through which action potentials are transmitted
-fatty tissue
-neurons
28
-Neurons-
MYELIN SHEATH – glial cells filled with fatty tissue (myelin) that surround the axons of many neurons allowing signals to be rapidly passed down the axon
-NODES of RANVIER - gaps in _________ through which action potentials are _________
-myelin sheath
-transmitted
29
3 main types of neurons :
- _________
-Interneurons
- _________
-Sensory neurons
-Motor neurons
30
