Final Exam: Ch 23&24 Flashcards
(40 cards)
Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system
The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity
The _______ is not an organ of the urinary system
Liver
In life-threatening starvation the kidneys synthesize glucose by
Delaminating amino acids
A by-product of protein catabolism _____ constitutes approximately one-half of all nitrogenous waste
Urea
Which organ system does not excrete waste
The cardiovascular system
The medial concavity of the kidney is called the _____ which admits the renal nerves, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and ureter
Hilum
Blood plasma is filtered the
Renal corpuscle
A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of
One pyramid and the overlying cortex
Which of the following form the inner layer of the glomerular capsule and wrap around the capillaries of the glomerulus
Podocytes
Corticol nephrons can be distinguished from juxtamedullary nephrons by
Their location within the renal cortex
The transition from an afferent arterials to an efferent arteriole occurs in the
Glomerulus
Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal cortex to the renal vein
- Cortical radiate (interlobular) vein
- Arcuate vein
- Interlobar vein
- Renal vein
What is the correct branching sequence of arteries in the kidney
- Renal artery
- Segmental arteries
- Interlobar arteries
The _______ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ______
innervation is unknown.
sympathetic; parasympathetic
In a healthy kidney, very little______ is filtered by the glomerulus.
Protein
Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.
Blood hydrostatic pressure (BHP) is 60 mm Hg
Colloid osmotic pressure (COP) is 32 mm Hg
Net Filtration - BHP - Hydrostatic pressure in capsular space - COP
20 mm Hg out
Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole
Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here the _______ of one’s nephron collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption
proximal convoluted tubules
Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate by the
proximal convoluted tubule
Which of the following is not reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule?
Hydrogen ions
Total saturation of protein transporters for a given solute in the renal tubules would result in
appearance of that solute in the urine
Hypocalcemia stimulates
secretion of parathyroid hormone
As urine passes in the collecting ducts it becomes
more concentrated
Loop diuretics reduce body water content by acting on the
countercurrent multiplier system
