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Final Exam Review Flashcards

1
Q

glasgow coma scale

A

eyes
motor
verbale

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1
Q

febrile seizure

A

> 38.5
protect air way
4 mo and under most common

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2
Q

ICP s/s

A
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3
Q

hydrocephalus exam findings and emergency

A

visual changes, bounding fontelle, sunset eyes, diplopia
increase icp shunt malformations

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4
Q

conjuct (bacterial, viral, allergic)

A

bacterial: unilateral, purulent
viral: both, clear
allergic: bilateral, watery stirngy

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5
Q

otis externa

A

outside, swimmers ear, forgien body

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6
Q

otis media

A

bulging TM
bacterial infection can precede
inside ear

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7
Q

cleft lip and palate

A

can be bilateral or unilateral and one or the other and both
protect suture post op, supine
lip first and have to be weaned from bottle for palate (1 year)
keep upright and give breaks
breast feeding works

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8
Q

tolsinectomy

A

no red fluids
excessive swallowing is bleeding
don’t put anything back there

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9
Q

worse retractions

A

suprasternal

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10
Q

s/s of resp distress in infants

A

grunting
flaring
retreating

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11
Q

preschool s/s of resp distress

A

tripod
don’t retract as much since intercostal are more developed

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12
Q

thumb sign

A

epiglottis
- don’t put tongue blade

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13
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

autosomal rescessive
increase mucus production

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14
Q

3 S of asthma

A

squeezing
- branch dilator
swelling
- steroid
snot
- hydration

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15
Q

considerations for asthma

A

5/10/5
rule of 2

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16
Q

asthma possible triggers

A

allergies
dust
dirt
white pine dust

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17
Q

ASD

A

left to right atria

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18
Q

VSD

A

left to right ventricle

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19
Q

PDA

A

aorta to PA

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20
Q

HLHS

A

absence of mitral and aortic valve and left vent is small
- need PDA

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21
Q

TGV

A

PA and aorta switch
two parallel systems
need PDA

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22
Q

CoA

A

constriction of aorta
increase pressure in head and arms and decrease pressure in legs

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23
Q

TOF

A

pulm stenosis
R vent hyperthrophy
VSD
overriding aorta

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24
tx for tet spells
knee to chest morphine
25
why do knee to chest
shunt blood decrease BP to LE and decrease blood to lungs
26
Kawasaki
autoimmune proceeded by infection rash on trunk and peri area red tongue red throat cracked lips and finger tips tx is IVIG 2g/kg 10-12 hours and aspirin complications is coronary artery ansersym
27
iron def anemia
increase milk decrease nutrition microcytic and pale hbg is low decrease ferritin more prone is less than 2 due to increase milk
28
B12/folate
macrocytic decrease hbg
29
thalassemia
iron level normal decrease hbg poor hbg structure
30
hyperbili
physiologic: break down of fetal hbg pathologic: hemolysis - ABO, RH phototherapy is treatment and stripped down to diaper so watch temp bill makes them tired so watch hydration
31
dangerous locations of vascooculsive
lungs and spleen
32
sickle cell possible triggers
decrease o2 stress dehydration
33
treatment of sickle cell
pain med - occurs in the joints hydration o2 hydroxyurea
34
aplastic anemia
lysis triggered by infection decrease folic acid decrease production and increase lysis
35
s/s of cancer
fatigue anemia cahcesixa
36
diagnosis of ALL
bone marrow aspiration and LP: more defeintiitve CBC: increase WBC ANC
37
s/s of osteosarcoma
pain and limp
38
common age of osteosarcoma
rapid growth 13-14
39
common XR finding for osteosarcoma
starburst and sunburst
40
wilms tumor
unilateral kidney on the right side commonly found in bath
41
neuroblastoma s/s
neuro and behavioral - headache, confusion, unstable gait
42
tumor lysis syndrome
treatment of tumor with in 24-48 hours more common in bigger tumors decrease ca increase phos, pot, uric
43
neutropenic precautions
no honey, fruit, fresh flowers, we glove gown and mask individual room - they cannot fight infection cause theybahev small and defective neutrophils
44
what patient may be paired with the nurse who has neutropenic precautions
no bacterial or viral infection - maybe broken leg
45
output for infant and up
infant is weigh the dipaers and up is the hat
46
IV rate
4-2-1 - 4 ml/kg up to 10 - 2ml/kg up 10-20 - 1ml/kg above 20
47
breast milk storage
rule of 4 4 hour on counter 4 days in fridge 4 months in freezer
48
formula until
1 year
49
whole milk until
2
50
low fat milk
2+
51
when to give rice cereal
6 mo
52
toddler food
small and frequent meals high in protein
53
types of dehydration
isotonic hypotonic - loses sodium hypertonic - loses water
54
considerations for IVF
watch IV site
55
what is hard on kidney
mycin
56
hirschrpung disease
aganglionic mega color no ganglion cells so absence of peristalsis bilious vomit biopsy
57
appendicitis
rebound tenderness, RLQ, radiate - ampicillin, gentamycin, flagyl
58
pyloric stenosis
projective vomit increase size of the pyloric muscle
59
hypospaidus
ventral bottom
60
nephrotic syndrome pee
mostly protein
61
nephritic pee
tea color more blood
62
UTI
frequency, dysuria, hesitaceny, retention, foul odor, abx
63
precocious puberty
8-10 see secondary sex characteristics
64
when to give growth hormone
at night
65
hypothyroidism
obese, cold intol, sleepy
66
hyperthyroidism
thin, increase BP and HR, hot intl, thin
67
Addisons disease
decrease cortisol
68
type 1 vs 2
1: autoimmune 2: resistant
69
carb ratio
carbs / ratio = insulin
70
correction
actual - target = X / correction = insulin
71
cast care
noting down it plaster dry for 2 days so handle with palms check NV 5 p's
72
Perthes disease
decrease in vascular to epicondyle head so decrease o2 leads to necrosis self limiting especially if held in place
73
osteomyletis
infection IV abx 4-6 weeks elevated sed rate
74
scoliosis
s or c shaped curve >10 degrees seen in adol and periods of rapid growth
75
accidental burns
scald with splash touch
76
suspicious burns
glove no splash sharp demark
77
estimating burn %
rule of 9 palm
78
parkland formula
4mL x % x kg = 24 hour amount first 50% in 8 hours, second 50% in 16 hours JUST REPLACEMENT NOT MAINTENCE
79
nutritional for burns
increase cal protein and fatty acids
80
priority with brn
airway
81
pediculosis capitis
lice, dandruff that sticks found on back of neck and behind ears can live off of the head for 72 hours peticuloide and repeat 7-10 days for the nits and go through with fine tooth comb if on second treatment there is nothing = School if on second tx and there is something = cannot go to school and have to do a second treatment
82
tinea corporis
ringworm on the body, circular that expands selenium sulfide shampoo and let sit
83
scabies
4 weeks later get s/s web like rash skin to skin and sex scabicide anithist for itching
84
contact dermatitis
leathery skin keep skin moist ointment>cream>lotion
85
LP findings for meningitis
decrease glucose: bacteria WBC for both
86
immunizations passive vs active
87
chicken pox causal
varicella
88
5th
human parovirus B19
89
measles
morbiliviris
90
mono
EBV
91
pertusis
bordetella
92
mengionococus
nesreria
93
call posion center and er
94
common type of posion
cleaning and household
95
treamtn for posion
activated charcoal
96
age most at risk for posion
1-4
97
number one social determinant for health
poverty
98
how to know if able to give med safely
watch
99
tyelenol safe dose
10-15
100
PCA age
6 and can self report
101

Pediatrics (51 decks)

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