GI Book Flashcards

(44 cards)

1
Q

is the GI system is immature at birth

A

yes

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2
Q

what is sucking before 6 weeks

A

primitive reflex

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3
Q

when do you develop the voluntary control of swallowing

A

6 wks

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4
Q

who has increases peristalsis

A

newborn

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5
Q

is the stomach size small in the newborn

A

yes

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6
Q

increase peristalsis and small stomach size in the newborn contribute to

A

small frequent feedings
increase frequency of BM and liquid consistency

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7
Q

why do you get regurgitation

A

relaxed cardiac sphincter

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8
Q

digestion occurs in

A

duodenum

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9
Q

why do kids get abdominal distention

A

due to decrease enzymes

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10
Q

when is the GI system normal

A

2 years

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11
Q

when are they able to control sphincter and then potty train

A

18 mo

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12
Q

for cleft lip and/or palate what is the majority of cases

A

majority are combination
~45%

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13
Q

repair of CP/L

A

lip is done at 3-5 mo to help with feeding to create a seal
palate is done at 12 mo to protect formation of tooth buds and speech pattern

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14
Q

post op CP/L

A

minimize crying as it can affect the suture line

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15
Q

pyloric stenosis

A

hypterropic obstruction of the circular muscle of the pyloric canal so the lumen becomes inflamed and edematous

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16
Q

pyloric stenosis s/s

A

projective vomiting
- 3 feet
nonbilous or blood tinged throw up
hungry after emesis
fails to gain weight
fewer and smaller stools
dehydration
M. Alk
observed peristalsis
olive sided mass in RUQ

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17
Q

pyloric stenosis tx

A

pylormytomy
pyloric muscle is split

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18
Q

GER/GERD

A

return of gastric contents into the esophagus
result of relaxation of the esophageal sphincter

19
Q

most common esophageal disorder in kids

20
Q

GER s/s

A

regurgitation
spitting up
decrease wt
frequently hungry

21
Q

GERD s/s

A

refusal of eating
sleep distrubances
coughing
choking
wheezing
arching of back during feedings

older: dysphagia, heartburn

22
Q

GER/GERD diagnosis

A

esophageal pH monitoring

23
Q

GER/GERD tx

A

mild
- feeding modification with thicker foods and positioning
smaller feedings and increase frequency
H2 blocker and PPI

24
Q

GER/GERD surgery

A

wrapping the greater curvature of the stomach around distal esophagus

25
GER/GERD how long should we hold the infant upright for after feeding
20-30 min
26
omphalocele
congenital malformation in which intraabominal contents herniate through the umbilical cord
27
gastroschisis
congenital defect of abdominal wall protrusion through a defect in the abdominal wall to the right of the umbilicus no membrane
28
omphalocele/gastroschisis treatment
surgery place infant feet first into bowel bag
29
intussusception
one portion of the intestines prolapses and invaginates or telescopes into another intensities rub togethers causing inflammation and edema which leads to decreased blood flow and edema, necrosis, and perforation
30
intussusception most common location
ileocecal valve
31
intussusception s/s
abrupt onset bilious emesis palpable abdominal mass red currant jelly stool
32
intussusception tx
air enema - use air over barium because of decreased risk of perforation
33
Hirschsprung disease
congenital anomaly in which inadequate motility causes mechanical obstruction of intestine which causes absence of ganglion cells which doesn't allow for peristalsis
34
Hirschsprung disease s/s - newborn
abdominal distention feeding intolerance bilious vomit failure to pass med in first 24-48 hours
35
Hirschsprung disease s/s - older infant/child
decrease wt gain and constipation
36
Hirschsprung disease - results of rectal biopsy
absence of ganglion cells
37
Hirschsprung disease - result of radiology
dissented bowel with dilated bowel loops
38
Hirschsprung disease tx
remove aganglionic portion: pull through procedure
39
appendicitis
inflammation of appendix - obstruction and then there is continued secretion of mucus following obstruction leading to increased pressure causing ischemia, cellular death, and ulceration
40
appendicitis s/s
periumblicus cramps abdominal tenderness anorexia pain in RLQ - mcburney point guarding rigidity rebound tenderness
41
appendicitis tx
surgical removal
42
appendicitis abscess tx
drain, antibiotics and remove at later time - interval appendectomy
43
education for parasite disorder
sandbox covered good hand hygiene proper med administration
44