Musculoskeletal PowerPoint Flashcards by Lani Manners

function of musciloskeletal

protecting vital organs, provie support, motion control, stores minerals and ca, source for red blood cell production

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

why do childrens bones break easier than adults

more porous and pliable
less dense

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

rapid bone growth facilitates

healing of fractures
growing pains (muscles are pulled)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ossifacation is nearly complete when born but end of long bones continue continues until

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

fractures are caused by

increase stress on the bone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

fractures are more common in

children

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

treatment for closed fracture

castging

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

treatment for open fractures

surgery and casting

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

epiphysis

rounded end of a long bone at iste joint with adjacent bones

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

injuries to the epiphysis is classifed as

salter harris classification

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

SH fracture type 1

throgh the growth plate
- plate is undisturbed and heals with out disruption in growth
- straight across above growth plate

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

SH type 2

through the growth plate and metaphysis
- most common
- doseant affect growth plate
- no problem with growth
- stright across above growth plate until half way through then shoots up towards the shaft of the bone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is mst common SH fracure

type 2

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

SH type 3

through the growth plate and epipysis
- less common
- serious threat to growth
- straight across the growth plate untl half way through then shoots down towards the end of the bone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

SH type 4

crush injury of growth plate
- crush growth plate
- has cell death and growth can be arrested

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what types of fractures are associated with abuse

spiral
- twisting
avulsion
- hit
impacted
- thrown

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

fractures associated wth abuse

postietiot rib fracture
skull fracture
any type of fracture in non ambulant child or a fracture that does not fit the story

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

5 P’s

pain and point of tenderness
pulse - distal to fracture site
pallor
parashesia - sesaion distal to the racture site
paralysis - movement distal to the fracture site

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

neurovasular assessment

cap refill
color
warmth
movement
sensation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

reduction

realign misplaced bone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

immobilization

allowing healing to occur

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

break the fall break

1 inch above wrist
ulna and radius

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

neonatla healing peroid

2-3 weeks

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ealry childhood healing period

4 weeks

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

later childhood healing peroid

6-8 weeks

adolescence healing peroid

8-12 weeks

when is a plasd cast done

in ER

why is a plaster cast done in er

because its swollen leave on for 7-14 days to allow for swelling to go down

how long does a plaster cast take to dry and what do we educate about this

2 days handle with palm of hand

should we have the extremity elevated or dependent

elevated

should you put anything in the cast

what to do if cast gets wet

use blow dryer on cool and low to dry ends dont use heat try to dry with towel first

complcaiton of casts

compartment syndroe

we shoud compare the injured area with

uninjured area

what is developmental dysplasia of the hip

hip instability after birth

who might have hip dysplasia

breach birth

what dose a hip click mean

hip is weak, bone is present, but not developed

what does a hip clunk mean

displacement

what is the universal screening until wlaking

ortolani and barlow tests - most common

other s/s of hip dysplasia

limited hip abdution shorteing of femur ortolani click less than 4 weeks gluteal folds knee height

what determines Pavlik harness or casting

ortho click or clunk

why must we have careful assessment of babies with hip dysplasia

they grow very quickly

what position does the pavlik harness place them in

abducted

what is metatarsus adductus (intoeing)

convexitey (curvature) of the lateral border of the foot

metatarsus adductus (intoeing) is what type of defect

positional

metatarsus adductus (intoeing) tx

stretching shoes cast

metatarsus adductus (intoeing) cause

intrauterine positooning and genetic factors

metatarsus adductus (intoeing) vs clubfoot

club foot cannot return to normal position

clubfoot tx

surgery serial casting - start with little bit of stretch and keep going

club foot involves

bone muscle ligmanet tendon nerve

club foot may be delayed in

walking

in club foot if the tendon is involved may need to stretch

entire leg

scoliosis what is it

lateral S or C shapted

scolisois degree

>10

what is the msot common spinal deformity

scoliosis

s/s of scolosis

trunk asym uneven shoulder and hip height one sided rib hump promient scapula' Tshirt may sit on agnle

when does scolosis becomes noticable

preadolsecent growth spurt

3 composents when diagnosing scolosis

lateral curvature axial rotation skeletal maturity

lateral curvature

sideways curve Cobb angle

Cobb angle

hip to spine angle

Axial rotation

spine can rotate

skeletal maturatiy

amount of calcification

what are used to determine degree of curvature

standing radiographs

more calcification =

more surival intervention rather than brace

clues for early detection of scolosis

clothes that fit on angle

mild scolosis (10-20%) treatment

strength stretch brace (maybe)

moderate scolosis (20-40) treatment

require bracing

severe scolosis (40-50) treament

necessitate surgery spinal fusing bracing

post op scolosis fuse

pain control prevent complications of immobiltyb

osteomyletis

infection of the bone

most common cause of osteomyletis

staph aureus

s/s of osteomyletis

tenderness at site of infection erythema war, edema limp/refusal to bear weight refusal to use extremity fever chills vomiting

osteomyletis tx

IV antibiotics

what is slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)

head of the femur seperates from the epipysis and slips backwards with potential or complete dislocation

SCFE msot common in

prepuberty boy overweight or obese

if SCFE is not treated this leads to

calfication

SCFE S/S

acute or chronic hip, thigh, or knee pain, limited internal rotation and obligated external rotation of the hip, out-toe-ing (walking with the toes our)

how will SCFE look like on x ray

ice cream slipping off a cone

SCFE tx

potential traction, brace, surgical, screws or pins

legg-calve-perthes what is it

childhood condition in which the proximal femoral epiphysis has a temporary interruption in blood supply leading to bone necrosis and subsequent repair

legg-calve-perthes is it a self limiting issue

yes

when does legg-calve-perthes get revascularized by

4 years

legg-calve-perthes s/s

pain in hip and on affected side (may radiate to the knee) leg length discrepancy or limp, internal rotation and abduction of the affected limb are limited

legg-calve-perthes tx

maintaining the femoral head and restoring ROM - may need surgery to clean it out if caught late - bracing to allow healing

Musculoskeletal PowerPoint Flashcards

(84 cards)