fri jul 19 Flashcards

(29 cards)

1
Q

major virulence factor of strep pneumonia?

A

polysacharide capsule that prevents phagocytosis

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2
Q

which skin findings is associated with acute rheumatic fever?

A

erythema marginatum- faintly erythymatous circular rash with central clearing - comes and goes on trunk and extremities

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3
Q

presentation of sydenhams chorea?

A

non-rhythmic movements of hands, feet and face. Often with sudden changes in voice pitch and volume

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4
Q

which host conditions increase the risk of reactivation of TB?

A
  • immunosuppression
  • chronic kidney disease
  • poorly controlled diabetes
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5
Q

why is chronic kidney disease associated with increased risk of TB reactivation?

A

-its associated with impaired function of monocytes and cell mediated immunity due to the uremia and hypoalbuminia

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6
Q

why is poorly controlled diabetes mellitus associatd with increased risk of TB reactivation?

A

poorly controled diabetes is associatedd with immune impairment and weakened cytokine signalling, which weakens the development and maintanence of granulomas

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7
Q

hypersensitivity pneumonitis may occur in hot tub and pool workers due to inhalation of…

A

mycobacterium avium

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8
Q

A drug that binds and activates GABA-A receptor increases the influx of…

A

Chloride, making the cell more approach the eq potential of chloride which is -75mV

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9
Q

which type of conditioning results in a previously neutral stimulus eliciting a response after assocaition with a natural unlearned stimulus?

A

CLASSICAL conditioning

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10
Q

which type of conditioning includes punishment and reinforcement?

A

OPERANT

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11
Q

what will be elavated in the amniotic fluid in a fetus with neural tube defects?

A

alpha-fetoprotein and acetylcholinesterase

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12
Q

which nerve innervates the tensor tympani?

A

Mandibular nerve

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13
Q

what is the function of the tensor tympani?

A

dampens loud sounds by tensing the tympanic membrane

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14
Q

chloroquine treats which phase of malaria?

A

the erythrocyte phase (NOT the dormant phase)

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15
Q

Primaquine treats which phase of malaria?

A

dormant hepatocyte phase

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16
Q

Does p. falciprum have a dormant phase?

17
Q

which types of malaria can have a dormant phase in the liver?

A

P. ovale and p. vivax

18
Q

what will be found in the stool of someone wiht a strongyloides infection?

A

Rhabditiform LARVAE in the stool. not eggs

19
Q

treatment for Strongyloides?

20
Q

what does the optic disc look like in someone with papillodema?

A

blurred margins

21
Q

MOA of anastrozole, letrozole, exemastane

A

Aromatase inhibitors that block peripheral conversion of androgens to estrogen, used in ER+ breast cancer

22
Q

what is type II glycogen storage disease?

A

Pompe disease

23
Q

which enzyme is deficient in pompe disease?

A

acid alpha-glucosidase

24
Q

where does glycogen build up in pompe disease?

A

in the LYSOSOMES - specific to pompe disease

-leads to severe cardiomegaly

25
which enzyme is deficient in von gierke disease?
Glucose-6-phosphatase
26
which enzyme is deficient in mcArdle disease?
glycogen phosphorylase
27
which enzyme is deficient in cori disease?
debranching enzyme
28
what is deficient in proprionic acidemia?
propionyl coa carboxylase (cant break down proprionyl-coa into methylmalonyl-coa)
29
which amino acids can proprionyl-coa be derived from?
valine, isoleucine, threonine, methionine | and odd chain FA's