genetics quiz 3 finals

Question 1

a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell division

Answer 1

cancer

Question 2

it divides to produce two daughter cancer cell

Answer 2

hallmark of a cancer cell

Question 3

usually is a multistep process

Answer 3

cancer

Question 4

a precancerous genetic change

Answer 4

benign growth

Question 5

additional genetic change that lead to cancerous cell growth

Answer 5

malignant

Question 6

cancer cells are:

Answer 6

invasive and metastatic

Question 7

invade healthy tissues

Answer 7

invasive

Question 8

migrate to other parts of the body and cause secondary tumors

Answer 8

metastatic

Question 9

in 5-10%, a predisposition to develop the cancer is

Answer 9

inherited trat

Question 10

most cancers, though, perhaps 90-95%

Answer 10

are not past from parent to offspring

Question 11

typically occurs later in life.

Answer 11

cancer

Question 12

an enviironmental agent that causes cancer

Answer 12

carcinogen

Question 13

agents that promote genetic changes in somatic cell

Answer 13

human cancer

Question 14

the first known virus of this type____, was isolated from chicken sarcomas by

Answer 14

Rous sarcoma virus (RSV)
Peyton rous

Question 15

mutant gene that promotes cancer

Answer 15

oncogene

Question 16

first example of an oncogene

Answer 16

src gene q

Question 17

2 sources of oncogene

Answer 17

carried in viruses
normal cellular that have been altered by mutation

Question 18

a normal, nonmutated gene that has the potential to become an oncogene

Answer 18

proto-oncogene

Question 19

3 possible effect of oncogene

Answer 19

greatly increased
overly active
encoded protein expressed in a cell tye where it is not normally expressed

Question 20

new codon codes for different amino acid

Answer 20

missense mutation

Question 21

chromosome breaks and the fragmented pieces re-attach to different chromosome

Answer 21

oncogenes

Question 22

certain viruses integreate their genomes into the chromosomal dna

Answer 22

viral integration

Question 23

loss of function mutation in a tumor suppressor gene that promotes cancer

Answer 23

tumor suppresor gene

Question 24

the second tumor suppressor gene

Answer 24

p53 gene

Question 25

determine if a cell has incurred dna damager

Answer 25

primary role of the p53 protein

Question 26

directly affect the regulation of cell division

Answer 26

negative regulation of cell division

Question 27

maintenance of the integirity of the gene

Answer 27

maintenance of genome integrity

Question 28

celullar meachnism that prevent mutationsa from occuring

Answer 28

genome maintenance

Question 29

stop the progression through the cell cycle

Answer 29

check point proteins

Question 30

makes it more likely that undesirable genetic changes occur that could cause cancerous growth

Answer 30

loss of checkpoint protein funtion

Question 31

can promote thrree types of cellular pathwayas

Answer 31

p53

Question 32

activates genes involved witn DNA repair

Answer 32

p53

Question 33

it can arrest itself in the cell cycle

Answer 33

process of dividing

Question 34

inhibist the formation of cyclin

Answer 34

p21 protein

Question 35

has defect in the nucleotide excision repair

Answer 35

xeroderma pigmentosum

Question 36

inhibits the transcription of eukaryotic genes

Answer 36

DNA methylation

Question 37

loss or addition of one or more chromosome

Answer 37

aneuploidy

Question 38

most inherited forms of cancer involvve a defect

Answer 38

inheritance pattern of cancer

Question 39

predisposition for developing. cancer is inherited in a dominant because a heterozygote

Answer 39

level of human pedigree

Question 40

at the cellular levelm the actual development of cancer is

Answer 40

recessive

Question 41

the loss of function of a normal allele when te other allele was already inactivated

Answer 41

loss of heterozygosity (LOH)

Question 42

typically characterized by a clear -cell

Answer 42

VHL

Question 43

Famillial adenomatous polyposis

Answer 43

APC

Question 44

Retinoblastoma

Answer 44

rb

Question 45

which is characterized by a wide spectrum of tumors

Answer 45

p53

Question 46

familial breast cancer

Answer 46

BRCA-1 and BRCA-2

Question 47

Neurofibromatosis

Answer 47

NF1

Question 48

Hereditary malignant melanoma

Answer 48

MSH2

Question 49

Nonpolyposis colorectal cancer

Answer 49

MLH1

Question 50

UV-sensitive forms of cancer such as basal cell carcinoma

Answer 50

XP-A to XP-G

Question 51

causes sarcomas in chickens

Answer 51

rous sarcoma virus

Question 52

causes sarcomas in cats

Answer 52

hardy-zuckerman- 4 feline sarcoma virus

Question 53

causes benign tumor

Answer 53

papillomavirus

Question 54

causes carcinoma

Answer 54

herpesvirus

Question 55

4 main ways of oncogene:

Answer 55

*Missense mutation * Gene amplification *Chromosomal translocation * Viral integration

Question 56

increase the amount of the encoded protein, thereby contributing to malignancy.

Answer 56

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