*Intestinal problems (lecture 10)

Question 1

What is population screening?

Answer 1

a test being offered to all individuals in an eligible group, usually defined by age, as part of an organised program.

Question 2

What is opportunistic screening?

Answer 2

Opportunistic screening happens when someone asks their doctor or health professional for a check or test, or a check or test is offered by a doctor or health professional

Question 3

Key screening programmes in the UK? (4)

Answer 3

Cervical cancer
Breast cancer
Bowel cancer
AAA

Question 4

What is being taken into consideration when evaluating the reliability of a screening tool?

Answer 4

Repeatability of test

Repeatability of the interpretation

Question 5

What is considered when evaluating validity of a screening tool?

Answer 5

Sensitivity
Specificity
Positive predictive value
Negative predictive value

Question 6

What is the sensitivity of a screening tool?

Answer 6

Proportion of those who have the disease who are correctly identified by a +ve test

Question 7

What is the specificity of a screening tool?

Answer 7

Proportion of those who do not have the disease who are correctly identified by a -ve test

Question 8

What is the positive predictive value of a screening tool?

Answer 8

Proportion of those who test positive who actually have the disease

Question 9

What is the negative predictive value?

Answer 9

Proportion of those who test negative who actually do not have the disease

Question 10

What is the uptake for a screening programme?

Answer 10

the number taking part in a voluntary programme

Question 11

What is the yield for a screening programme?

Answer 11

number of previously undiagnosed cases picked up by a screening test or programme

Question 12

What is the criteria for screening? (7)

Answer 12

Common/ serious condition
Well defined latent period
Suitable test available (must be sensitive and specific)
Effective treatment
Early detection improves prognosis
Harm of screening small
Cost justified