LAB 3: Blood vessels and blood pressure

Question 1

______ form a closed circuit of tubes that carry blood from the heart to the body and back again.

Answer 1

blood vessels

Question 2

Two major pathways of blood vessels are _____ and ____.

Answer 2

pulmonary circuit

systemic circuit

Question 3

The five types of blood vessels

Answer 3

arteries, veins, capillaries, arterioles, venules

Question 4

_____ contains vessels carrying blood from the heart to the lungs and back.

Answer 4

pulmonary circuit

Question 5

____ contains vessels carrying blood from the heart to all other parts of the body and back.

Answer 5

systemic circuit

Question 6

_____ are strong, elastic vessels adapted for carrying blood away from the heart under high pressure.

Answer 6

arteries

Question 7

The largest arteries are called ____.

Answer 7

elastic

Question 8

Elastic arteries branch into ____ arteries and then into ____.

Answer 8

muscular arteries

arterioles

Question 9

The smallest arteries are ____.

Answer 9

arterioles

Question 10

____ are vessels which are adapted to carrying blood back tot eh heart under low pressure.

Answer 10

veins

Question 11

Capillaries merge to form ___>

Answer 11

venules

Question 12

Venules merge to form ____ sized veins.

Answer 12

small to medium sized veins

Question 13

Small to medium sized veins merge to form ____ veins.

Answer 13

large

Question 14

The inner most layer of blood vessels are called ____.

Answer 14

tunica interna

Question 15

Tunica interna is composed of two layers: _____ and _____.

Answer 15

endothelium (simple squamous epithelium)
subendothelial layer (elastic and collagenous fibers)

Question 16

The middle layer of blood vessels are called ______.

Answer 16

tunica media

Question 17

Tunica media is composed of ____.

Answer 17

smooth muscles

Question 18

The tunica media is responsible for _____ and ____ that influence blood flow and pressure.

Answer 18

vasocontraction and vasodilation

Question 19

The outer most layer is called the _____.

Answer 19

tunica externa

Question 20

The tunica externa is composed of ______.

Answer 20

collagenous fibers

Question 21

The tunica ____ attaches vessels to surrounding tissues.

Answer 21

externa

Question 22

Veins have ____ and arteries do not.

Answer 22

valves

Question 23

Veins have a ____ lumen (blood reservoir) than arteries.

Answer 23

larger

Question 24

Veins have a thinner tunica ____ than arteries. Arteries have more influence over blood pressure.

Answer 24

media

Question 25

____ the process of listening to body sounds (usually with use of a stethoscope).

Answer 25

auscultation

Question 26

There are two parts to every heart beat ___ and ___.

Answer 26

lub and dub

Question 27

The lub and dub sounds occur as blood is pushing against the ____ causing turbulence.

Answer 27

closed valves

Question 28

The first sound (s1) or lub is when the ____ are closing and the ventricles are ____.

Answer 28

AV valves | contracting

Question 29

The first heart sound (lub) is called ______.

Answer 29

ventricular systole

Question 30

The second sound (s2) or dub is when the _____ are closing and the ventricles are ____.

Answer 30

semilunar valves | relaxing

Question 31

The second sound (s2) or dub is called _____.

Answer 31

ventricular diastole

Question 32

____ is the difference in pressures due to the expansion and then recoil of the arterial walls.

Answer 32

pulse

Question 33

When the ventricles contract, a wave of blood travels through the arteries and can be felt as your ___.

Answer 33

pulse

Question 34

Typical resting heart rate is between _____ bpm.

Answer 34

60-100 bpm

Question 35

Generally, the lower the resting heart rate, the more _____ the heart is functioning and the better the cardiovascular fitness.

Answer 35

efficient

Question 36

____is a rapid pulse rate of over 100 bpm.

Answer 36

tachycardia

Question 37

___ is a slow pulse rate of less than 60 bpm.

Answer 37

bradycardia

Question 38

_____ is the pressure exerted by blood on the walls of the blood vessels

Answer 38

blood pressure

Question 39

_____ is usually measured in the arteries and those called arterial _________.

Answer 39

blood pressure | blood pressure

Question 40

There are ___ types of blood pressure reading due to the contraction and then relaxation of the ventricles.

Answer 40

2

Question 41

_____ is when the ventricles contract.

Answer 41

systole

Question 42

When the ventricles contract blood pressure ____ due to blood being forced into the aorta

Answer 42

increases

Question 43

When the ventricles relax blood pressure ____ as the ventricles open and refill with blood from the atria.

Answer 43

decreases

Question 44

Measuring blood pressure is done with the use of a ______ and a ______.

Answer 44

stethoscope | sphygomanometer

Question 45

When measuring blood pressure air in the cuff is increased until it is greater than the ___ pressure in the artery.

Answer 45

systolic

Question 46

When measuring blood pressure the air is released from the cuff the blood can start to ___ through the artery once more. This causes a "swooshing" sound or what is known as a ____ sounds.

Answer 46

flow | Korotkoff sounds

Question 47

The sound of turbulent blood flow is called ____.

Answer 47

korotkoff sounds

Question 48

Normal resting blood pressure should be no higher than _____.

Answer 48

120/80

Question 49

Prehypertension blood pressure is ____.

Answer 49

120-139/ 80-89

Question 50

Hight blood pressure (hypertension stage 1)

Answer 50

140-159/ 90-99

Question 51

High blood pressure (hypertension stage 2)

Answer 51

160 or higher/ 100 higher

Question 52

Hypertensive Crisis (emergency care needed)

Answer 52

higher than 180 / higher than 110