lecture 20

Question 1

Deuterostomia have what characteristics of their embryos?

Answer 1

• radial, intermediate cleavage
• enterocoelous coelom
• blastopore dose not become mouth.

Question 2

Why are Echinoderms so abundant in the fossil record?

Answer 2

They have calcareous endoskeletons that make them well-suited to fossilization.

Question 3

What type of symmetry do echinodermata demonstrate?

Answer 3

They display a pentaradial symmetry as adults.

Question 4

What does the root word “penta” mean?

Answer 4

It means 5

Question 5

What is the symmetry of echonodermata larva?

Answer 5

They are bilaterally symmetrical

Question 6

What is the leading hypothesis that conveys why echonodermata larva develop into pentaradial symmetrical organisms.

Answer 6

It is based off of Hox genes.

Question 7

What is the basic morphological structure of Echinodermata?

Answer 7

They have oral and aboral sides.

They have a think epidermis that covers a endoskeleton made of ossicles.

Question 8

What are ossicles?

Answer 8

They are small calcareous plates that make up the endoskeleton of Echinodermata.

Question 9

What dose the root work -ossa- mean?

Answer 9

Bone

Question 10

What dose the root word -echino- mean?

Answer 10

Spiny

Question 11

What dose the root word -derm- mean?

Answer 11

Skin

Question 12

True or false:

The Echinodermata have a unique water vascular system.

Answer 12

True.

Question 13

Within Echinodermata, What is the network of hydraulic canals branching into extensions called?

Answer 13

They are called tube feet.

Question 14

How do echinodermata connect to sea water?

Answer 14

Through madreporite.

Question 15

What are madreporite?

Answer 15

Special porous ossicles found in echinodermata

Question 16

What is the nervous structure of Echinodermata?

Answer 16

they have a diffuse nervous system with no defined central brain.

Question 17

How do Echinodermata reproduce?

Answer 17

Through male and females broadcast spawning.

Question 18

True or false:

Some Echinodermata brood eggs until hatching, forgoing broadcast spawning as females.

Answer 18

True.

Question 19

What is the most well known Member of the Class Asteroidea?

Answer 19

The star fish

Question 20

What dose the root word -aster- mean?

Answer 20

Star.

Question 21

What are the three main phylum of Echinodermata?

Answer 21

Asteroidea
Crinoidea
holothuroidea

Question 22

What is the defining feature of the Class Crinoidea?

Answer 22

They have their oral side facing up and are filter feeders.

Question 23

Sea lilies, members of the Class Crinoidea are ______ and are mostly sissile.

Answer 23

Stalked.

Question 24

True or false:

Feather stars, members of the Crinoidea lack stalks and can walk around.

Answer 24

True.

Question 25

What is the defining feature of the Class holothuroidea?

Answer 25

They are secoundarily bilaterally symmetrical.

Question 26

How do holothuroidea feed?

Answer 26

Through feeding tentacles .

Question 27

What is the skeletal structure of holothuroidea?

Answer 27

They have scattered ossicles

Question 28

What is the importance of Echinodermata?

Answer 28

They are used in larval cloning.

Question 29

What are the four morphological synapomorphies that unite all chordates?

Answer 29

1. ) notochord 2. Dorsal, hollow nerve cord 3. Pharyngeal slits/clefts 4. muscular post-anal tail.

Question 30

What is a synapomorphie?

Answer 30

a characteristic present in an ancestral species and shared exclusively (in more or less modified form) by its evolutionary descendants.

Question 31

What dose the root word Noto mean?

Answer 31

back

Question 32

What dose the root word Chord mean?

Answer 32

Cord

Question 33

True or false: | The notochord is present in all Chordata embryos and some adults.

Answer 33

true.

Question 34

Why is a Dorsal hollow nerve cord unique to Chordata?

Answer 34

Most other animals have a solid ventral nerve cord.

Question 35

How is the Dorsal nerve cord devloped?

Answer 35

It develops from the plate of the ectoderm dorsal to nerve cord. plate rolls into tube during emberotic development.

Question 36

What dose the anterior portion of the ectoderm develop into?

Answer 36

The brain.

Question 37

What is the function of Pharyngeal slits/clefts?

Answer 37

function as suspension feeding device in many invertebrate chordates.

Question 38

What is unique about Chrodata muscle arrangement?

Answer 38

It is arranged into sentimental arranged muscle blocks

Question 39

True or false: | Chordates are another segmented phylum.

Answer 39

True.

Question 40

What is the most well known Cephalochordata?

Answer 40

Lancelets

Question 41

What dose the root word -cephalo- mean?

Answer 41

Head

Question 42

How do Cephalochordata feed?

Answer 42

They feed through suspension feeding.

Question 43

What is the most well known Urochordata?

Answer 43

Tunicates

Question 44

What kind of functionality dose adult urochordata have?

Answer 44

They are mostly sessile.

Question 45

How do Urochordata feed?

Answer 45

They are filter/suspension feeders

Question 46

The _______ of some groups of Urochordata have all four ________.

Answer 46

Tadpole Larvae | Synapomrphies.

Question 47

What dose the root word -uro- mean?

Answer 47

Tail

Question 48

Adult urochordata have a massive _____ with many slits.

Answer 48

Pharyngeal basket

Question 49

Some species of Urochordata are _______

Answer 49

Planktonic

Question 50

What is it called when a Urochordata stays permanently in their larval form?

Answer 50

Paedogenesis.

Question 51

What dose the root word -paedo- mean?

Answer 51

Child