What are animals Lecture- 15

Question 1

What is the first characteristic of animals?

Answer 1

They are multicellular.

Question 2

What is a metazoan?

Answer 2

Metazoans means “Later -animals”

Question 3

What does the root word “meta” and the root word “zoo’ mean?

Answer 3

Meta means = later

Zoo means = animal

Question 4

What are single celled animals called?

Answer 4

Protozoans

Question 5

What is the second characteristic of animals?

Answer 5

They lack cell walls

Question 6

What is the third characteristic of animals?

Answer 6

They are chemoheterotrophic

Question 7

what does it mean to be a chemoheterotrophic animal?

Answer 7

It means that you cannot make your own carbon-based food souse. They get it from carbon molecules made by other organisms

Question 8

What is the fourth characteristic of animals?

Answer 8

They are mostly sexual

Question 9

What is the fifth characteristic of animals?

Answer 9

They are animate: meaning they are capable of moving entire multi cellular body in at least one stage of life.

Question 10

What is the first characteristic that is found exclusively in animals?

Answer 10

They posses extracellular collagen

Question 11

What is the second characteristic that is found exclusively in animals?

Answer 11

They posses 3 types of intercellular junctions.

Question 12

What are the three types of intercellular junctions found in animal cells?

Answer 12

Tight junctions
Desmosones
Gap junctions

Question 13

Where are Homeobox genes found?

Answer 13

They are present in eukaryotes

Question 14

What is the third characteristic that is found exclusively in animals?

Answer 14

Some animals control anterior to posterior development sequence of embryo,

Question 15

Within animals what is the primary Homeobox gene?

Answer 15

Hox genes

Question 16

What type of animal has no Hox genes?

Answer 16

Sponges and ctenophores

Question 17

True or false:

Most animals share similar patterns of fertilization and early emberotic development

Answer 17

True.

Question 18

What does the word

“anisogamy” mean?

Answer 18

Small motile sperm, large nonmotile eggs.

Question 19

What does the root word “an” mean

Answer 19

Not

Question 20

What does the root word “iso” mean?

Answer 20

Same

Question 21

diploid zygote intilally undergoes a number of mitotic cell divisions without growth of cells between divisions.

What is this process called?

Answer 21

Undergoing “cleavage”

Question 22

What is a blastula?

Answer 22

The secound stage of zygotic development, where the zygote becomes a hollow ball of cells.

Question 23

What is gastrilation?

Answer 23

The third stage of zygotic development. It is when the blastula invaginates (folds inward on itself) at one end.

forming a Gastrula

Question 24

What does the root word “gaster” mean?

Answer 24

Stomach

Question 25

Gastrula have two defined layers, what are they?

Answer 25

An ectoderm (outerlayer)

An endoderm (inner layer)

Question 26

What is direct development?

Answer 26

This occurs when embryos gradually develops towards adult form without sudden changes in morphology.

Question 27

What is indirect development?

Answer 27

This involves one or more intermediate stages called Larva whoes morphology and behavior differs greatly from sexually mature adult stages.

Question 28

What is an example of indirect development?

Answer 28

Butterfly life cycle.

Question 29

How many extant animal phyla exist?

Answer 29

There are roughl y 35.

Question 30

Is there any relationship between these Phyla?

Answer 30

There is some connects that are agreed upon by old and new views.

Question 31

Is there any disagreement about the connects between animal phyla?

Answer 31

YES LOTS HOLY SHIT

Question 32

What is the first traditional way to group animal phyla.

Answer 32

Characteristics of basic body plan, and nature of embryonic development.