Lecture 24: Amniotes Part 2

Question 1

What is the key defining feature of Synapsids?

Answer 1

They only have one set of holes in their skull

Question 2

What non-mammalian members are in the Synapsids?

Answer 2

Sailbacks - dimetrodon

some therapsida

Question 3

What dose the root word -ther- mean?

Answer 3

Beast.mammal

Question 4

How did most Synapsids walk around in early spp?

Answer 4

they had a sprawling, reptile like gait

Question 5

what was the mode of eatting for early Synapsids

Answer 5

they were mostly predatory

Question 6

What is the defining characteristic of Therapsids?

Answer 6

they had a enlargement of the dentary bone in the jaw

and they show development of secondary plates

Question 7

What are the main characteristic of mammalians?

Answer 7

The movement of leftover jawbones to the middle ear

Question 8

True or false:

Mammalian detection is far more differentiated than that of the reptilia

Answer 8

True.

Question 9

True or false:

Mammalians have a far more diverse diet than that of the reptilia.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

True or false:

Reptilia teeth occlude more closely than that found in the mammalians

Answer 10

False.

Mammalians teeth are more closely occluded

Question 11

What are the characteristics of Mammalian teeth?

Answer 11

They have 2 sets of teeth over their lifespan (milk teeth and adult teeth)

Question 12

What is the placement of extant mammals limbs?

Answer 12

More ventical placement of limbs

Question 13

What are three major defining features of Mammalians?

Answer 13

They have hair
They are endothermic and homeothermic
they have a diaphragm

Question 14

What are the Mammary glands of mammalians used for?

Answer 14

They are used for producing milk

Question 15

What dose the root word _mamma- mean?

Answer 15

breast

Question 16

What are the three major clades of extant mammals?

Answer 16

Order Monotremata (clade with only one order)
Oder Marsuplialia (Clade with only one order) 
Clade Eutheria (has many orders)

Question 17

When did mammals first diversify?

Answer 17

After the mass extinction event at the end of the cretaceous period.

Question 18

What are the extant species of Monotremata?

Answer 18

1 platypus

4 echidna

Question 19

What is the defining characteristic of Monotremata?

Answer 19

they lay eggs and provide milk to their young

Question 20

Do Monotermata have a Cloacas?

Answer 20

Yes

Question 21

What dose the term Mono mean?

Answer 21

1

Question 22

What dose the root word -terma- mean?

Answer 22

Hole

Question 23

What is the defining features of the Theria?

Answer 23

They give birth to live young

young are nourished through the placenta initially then nursed on milk from nipples

Question 24

What is the defining feature of the Order Marsupialia?

Answer 24

The embryo crawls into the mother pouch

Question 25

What dose the root word -marsupium- mean?

Answer 25

pouch

Question 26

Do Marsupialia have a cloaca?

Answer 26

Yes

Question 27

What is the defining feature of the eutherians?

Answer 27

They are non-marsupial therians

Question 28

How do eutharia nourish their young?

Answer 28

Through the placenta until well developed.

Question 29

How do Eutharia feed their young

Answer 29

From a number of nipples

Question 30

Do Eutharia have a cloaca?

Answer 30

Nope

Question 31

Where did the Afrotheria undergo diversification?

Answer 31

in Africa

Question 32

What are the most well known Xenarthra?

Answer 32

Anteaters, sloths, armadillos

Question 33

What is the defining feature of Xenarthra?

Answer 33

They lack teeth (most of the time) | They have a extra articulation in their vertebrae

Question 34

What dose the root word -xenos- mean?

Answer 34

strange

Question 35

What is the origin of the clade Laurasiatheria?

Answer 35

The name comes from a super continent that once comprised Europe, Asia, and north America

Question 36

What is the most well known order included within Laurasiatheria?

Answer 36

Carnivora | Chiroptera

Question 37

What is the most well known member of the Order Chiroptera?

Answer 37

Bats

Question 38

What is unique about Order Chiroptera?

Answer 38

They are the only mammalians with powered flight.

Question 39

Chiroptera use ______ to augment sight

Answer 39

Sonar

Question 40

What is killing off loads of Chiroptera?

Answer 40

White nose syndrome

Question 41

are hoofed mammals included in Laurasiathera?

Answer 41

Yes they are

Question 42

Is Cetartiodactyla included in Laurasiathera?

Answer 42

Yes it is | it includes whales and dolphins

Question 43

What is the defining feature of the Order perissodactyla?

Answer 43

They are odd toed

Question 44

What is the most well known member of the order Lagomorpha?

Answer 44

Rabbits and hares

Question 45

what is the most well known member of the order Rodentia?

Answer 45

Rats and mice

Question 46

What is the largest order of mammals?

Answer 46

Rodentia

Question 47

What is the defining characteristic of rodentia?

Answer 47

They have constantly growing teeth

Question 48

What is the most well known member of the order Scandentia?

Answer 48

the tree sherws

Question 49

What is the sister taxa to scandentia?

Answer 49

Primates