MOD 3 - COURSE 2 - BIOLOGY OF SPECIES GENETIC BASIS - PT 1 Flashcards
(19 cards)
what are the nucleotides
G- GUANINE
A- ADENINE
T - THYMINE
C- CYTOSINE
What are the nucleotide pairing?
A-T
C-G
what nucleotides are present in RNA
A,G,C,U - uracil
what is the purpose of RNA
a curior delivering genetic infomation to the ribosome for protein translation - formation of AA (mRNA)
whats an allele?
- number of alternative forms of a gene of hene locus position of gene on chromosome
how many pairs of chromones do mice have
20 pairs
what does homologous chromcones mean?
one copy of each gene on each chromosomes
whats a diploid species
2 sets of chromosomes
what homozygous mean?
if both allele = the same
the organism is homozygote for the gene
what does heterozygous mean
if alleles = different
what does genotype mean?
organisms full hereditary infomation
what does phenotype mean?
observed property of the organism
what can influence phenotype
geneotype and enviornemnt
what does transgenic mean in terms og GM aniamls
addition of foreign gene
what do you call a GM animals that has had a target mutation where a gene has been deleted
knockout
what can a change to the genome cause
- visible changes
- act - behavioural changes
- functions - physicologic change
list 5 uses of GM animals
- medical research - identify adn study specific genes
- molecular biology - analysis of gene expression adn how its regulated
- cancer stduies - investigate gene involved in teh development/ stopping of cacner
- biotech - animals - source of specific proteins i.e. insulin and growth factor that we can use
- xenotransplantation - development of aniamls - as organ donars
what is the worry with using GM aniamls
changes to genotypes - can have several knockon affects that not npt be predictible changes in phenotype - they need to be monitored closely for health issues
what are some potnetial common health issues assocaited with GM aniamls
- immunosuppression
- cancer
- developmental disorders
- fertility
