MOD 3 - COURSE 4 - DIETRY REQUIREMENTS - COURSE 1 Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is the difference between essential and nonessential nutrients
- essential nutrients - must be obtained by an animal diet
- nonessential nutrients - nutrients systhesis by animals metabolisms
what is the importance of water preperation
- portable uncontaminated drinking water
- can be treated/purified to eliminate contamination
- water treatements needs to be chosen carefully - as it can alter physiologic alterations, reduction in water consumption, changes in microflora, effect on experiemntal results
what are carbohydrates
- H, O, C
- CAN BE MONOSACCHARIDE - i.e. glucose, fructose
- if a compound contains 2-6 mono = oligosaccharide i.e. sucrose
- 6+ units = polysaccharide - i.e. starches and cellulose
how is carbohydrates metabolised
- final stage - release of glucose - utilised as energy source - can be converted to glycogen and stored
what are the primary source of carbohydrates
- grins, wheats, oats - some diet = contain purified starch and sucrose
what are proteins
- AA grouped together - the 20 different AA can be either essential or nonessential
- ## proteins can either be plant or animal derived - contains distinct AA profiles
why do some animals need toeat meat
- some plant derived poroteins - deficient in select AA while animal derived source = complete AA composition relative to animal requirement
why are fats important
- structural component of cell membrane
what is dietary fat a source of? and what is its main function
- source of essential fatty acis - EFA - absorption of fat soluble vitamines and to enhance palatbility of food
- main functions = supply and store engery and insulation
whats of fats/ oils composed of?
- essentials - linoleic acids and linoleic - fatty acids
- join in groups of 3 form triglyceride
how are fatty acids = absorbed to enter energy pathways
- bile salts - secrete small intestine - maintain lipase digest fat and be absorbed through small intestine wall - allows fatty acids enter the energy pathways of body
what are vitamines
- organic molecules assist with metabolic pathways
what are some examples of water soluble vitamines
- B
- C
- must be provided on a daily basis
what are some examples pf fat soluble vitamines
ADEK - can be sotred in body
what are minerals
- inorganic nutrients - required to maintain animal life
- some tored in body in largenumber - not stored in usable forms - excreted in urine - must be provided in diet
what is the function of sodium chloride?
osmotic and acid base balance 0 nerve impulse
what is the function of potassium
- osmotic and acid base balance, nerve impulses, co-enzyme
what is the function of magnesium
- skeleton, msucle, various body fluids, energy metabolism
what is the function of calcium
skeleton, enzymes, calcium binding poroteins, nerve impulses
what is the function of phosphorus
- skeleton, energy metabolism, component of DNA and RNA
what is the function of zinc
- protein bound in genetic functions - skin integrity
what is the function of copper
- various Oxidative enzymes - red blood cells maturation
what is the function of iron
haemoglobiin - blood and myoglobin muscle
what is the function of iodine
- thyroid hormone, body metabolism
