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Nationalism Test Flashcards

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0
Q

What is the criteria of a nation state

A

A nation with its own shared culture and ethnicity ruled by that nationality

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1
Q

What is nationalism

A

Love and devotion to ones own culture and people

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2
Q

What European nations were nation states by 1815

A

France, Britain, Prussia , Russia (maybe)

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3
Q

Explain the origin of nationalism

A

It originated in France because of foreign invasions during the french revolutions

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4
Q

Explain the spread of nationalism in the early 1800s

A

Spread throughout Europe as France occupies other nations during nap. Wars

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5
Q

What are three ways nationalism can cause change

A

Unification separation, and nation building

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6
Q

What is unification

A

Creation of a nation state by combining separate political states of the same nationality and culture

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7
Q

What is an example of unification

A

Italy and Germany

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8
Q

What is separation

A

Creation of a nation state by people of the same culture and nationality breaking away from a multicultural political unit

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9
Q

What is an example of separation

A

Greeks in the Ottoman Empire, french speaking Canadians

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10
Q

What is nation building

A

Culturally distinct groups form into a new state by accepting a single culture

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11
Q

What is an example of nation (state) building

A

The United States, turkey

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12
Q

What was the congress of vienna’s purpose

A

The meeting of leaders of the major nations of Europe discuss politics after the final defeat of napoleon

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13
Q

What was the congress of vienna’s goals

A

Restore Europe to its pre revolution/napoleon conditions
Prevent future wars and revolutions in Europe
Combat the tide of rising nationalism and liberalism spreading throughout Europe

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14
Q

Who attended the congress of Vienna

A 
Austra- Metternich (prime minister), leader of congress
Russia- Alexander 1 (czar)
Prussia- Hardenburg (pm)
Britain- castlereagh (pm)
France- tallegrand (pm)
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15
Q

What were the agreements made at the congress of Vienna

A

Redraw map of Europe, weaken France, created a system of alliances between the great powers, restore the legitimate rulers to nations invaded by napoleon,

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16
Q

What was the purpose of the Holy Alliance

A

To aid each other in the event of revolutions in order to maintain monarchies (divine rt)

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17
Q

Who were the members of the Holy Alliance

A

Russia, Prussia, Austria

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18
Q

What was the purpose of the concert of Europe (quadruple alliance)

A

To prevent trouble with France

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19
Q

Who were the members of the quadruple alliance

A

Britain, Prussia, Austria, Russia

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20
Q

What were the beliefs of a conservative

A

Wanted to protect traditional monarchies of Europe

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21
Q

What were the goals of conservative

A

Wanted things the way they were before nationalism

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22
Q

What social group was conservative

A

Wealthy property owners and nobility

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23
Q

What were the beliefs of a liberal

A

Believed educated and landowners should vote

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24
What was the goal of a liberal
Wanted to give more power to elected parliaments
25
What was the liberal social group
Middle class business leaders and merchants
26
What was the belief of a radical
Governments should practice the ideals of the French Revolution. (Liberty, equality, brotherhood )
27
What was the goal of a radical
To extend democracy to all people
28
What social group was radical
Poor people, sans culottes
29
What were the three major euro empires most threatened by nationalism, why
Austria (diverse), ottoman (diverse), Russia (wanted to industrialize, was diverse), possibly France because of wars
30
Describe Latin America in terms of languages and geography
Map, spoke Spanish, spoke french in Haiti
31
What are (describe ) the 5 main social classes in Latin a in the 1800s
Peninsulas ( euro born), Creoles ( pure span, born in amer, ), mestizo ( mixed euro and Indian). Mulattos ( euro, Africa ) Indians and African American
32
Who was the leader of in the rev in Haiti
Toussaint l'overture
33
What social class was the leader of Haiti
Slave
34
What euro nation was overthrown in haitis rev
France
35
Who was the leader of the rev in southern s amer
Jose San Martin
36
What social class was the leader of s south amer
Creole
37
What euro nation was overthrown in s south amer rev
Spain
38
Who was the leader of the rev in n south amer
Bolivar
39
What social class was the leader of n south amer
Creole
40
What euro nation was overthrown in n south amer rev
Spain
41
Who was the leader of Brazils rev
Dom Pedro
42
What social class was the leader of Brazils rev
Prince
43
What euro nation was overthrown in Brazils rev
Portugal
44
Who were the leaders of mexicos rev
Father hidalgo, Jose Morelos, iturbide,
45
What social class were the leaders in mex rev
Hidalgo (mestizo) , Morelos (mestizo), iturbide ( creole)
46
What euro nation was overthrown in mex rev
Spain
47
Why didn't dem take hold in Latin amer
Creoles took control (1 rich powerful class replaces another), caudilles took control as dictators (military men), people in la never had experience with democ
48
What was the purpose and importance of the Monroe doctrine
Purpose: fear euro nations would attempt to re establish colonies in amer, amer believed it should be dominant player in west hemisphere Importance: us gave itself lead role as protector of west hemisphere
49
What are the three major movements causing change in 1800s
Nationalism, liberalism, industrialization
50
Whats industrialization
Growth of industry in nation, economy, modernizing
51
What radical changes were accomplished in the french revolutions in 1830
``` Middle class (and nobles ) allowed to vote for a new legislature (chamber of deputies) King forced to share more power with legislature ```
52
What were political changes in french rev in 1830
Bourbon overthrown | Louis Philippe king (moderate/liberal)
53
What were radical and political changes in french rev in 1848
Louis Philippe overthrown Monarchy replaced by radical democ (universal make suffrage, 2nd republic, soon replaced by limited suffrage) Louis napoleon Bonaparte elected president
54
Compare and contrast french rev with the other rev at the time
France successful others not, both have some liberal cause
55
What changes were made in british govt because of the reform act of 1832
``` Suffrage to almost all middle class males 2 industrial cities given representation in parl. Demonstrated Britain can make changes peacefully ```
56
What was the cause and results of the Crimean war
Started by Russia to take ottomans Black Sea lands (warm water port/access to med sea) Russia lost Demonstrated Russia's lack of modernization Ended quad alliance
57
What was the importance of czar Nicholas 1, Alexander 2, and Alexander 3
Nicholas lost Crimean war, alex 2 ended serfdom and was assassinated, alex 3 rolled back liberal reforms, and started a major industrialization program
58
What is realpolitik
Foreign policy of using diplomacy and war in order to gain nationalistic goals
59
What are examples of realpolitik
Bismarck with Austria and southern Italy with Sardinia
60
What was the unifying kingdom of Italy
Sardinia
61
What realpolitik methods did Italy use
S Italy and Sardinia
62
Who were the leaders of Italy's unification
Emmanuel, Cavour, garibaldi
63
What was the unifying kingdom of Germany
Prussia
64
What realpolitik methods did Germany use
Used Austria to help in the beginning
65
Who were the leaders of Germany's unification
Bismark, wilhelm
66
What were the results of the Franco Prussian war in Germany
Gained control of provinces Alsace and Lorraine from France | France pays 5 billion francs in war reparations
67
What were the results of the Franco Prussian war in France
Much of eastern and central France destroyed French economy weakened Lois napoleon overthrown in 1875 (replaced by unstable govt) French people develop a nationalistic hatred toward Germany and visa versa
68
What was the order of top nations in euro after unification
1. Britain 2. Prussia (Germany) 3. Russia 4. France 5. Spain 6. austria
69
What is manifest destiny
Belief that it was americans destiny to gain control of all of North America from ocean to ocean, nation building, nationalism
70
How did manifest destiny affect us in early 1800s
Mistreatment of native Americans
71
Study territorial gains in 1800s and where their from
On chart
72
Whats sectionalism
Division and conflict between regions of a nation (usually due to economic differences)
73
How did new territories cause sectionalism in us during mid 1800s
Each thought the west should either have slaves or not, fought over govt of west
74
What was the economy and political goals of the north
Diverse economy (farms and industry), felt const. Established union once and for all
75
What was the economy and political goals of the south
Based on cash crops , believed states freely joined union (so they could freely leave)
76
What was the underlying cause of the civil war
South felt they could freely leave union and had slaves, north didn't
77
What was the immediate cause of the civil war
Lincoln's election causes southern states to secede Lincoln opposed spread of slavery into western territories If slavery could not expand , slave states would be outnumbered in congress and would lose power
78
What were the results of the civil war
South defeated and placed under military occupation (reconstruction ) The union (nation ) preserved Much of south destroyed Lots of Americans died Demand for war goods cause rapid industrialization and urbanization
79
Whats the 13th amendment
Abolished slavery
80
Whats the 14th amendment
Granted newly freed slaves citizenship and equal rts
81
Whats the 15th amendment
Forbid states from using race as a restriction to vote (guanteed all black male suffrage)
82
What were the major changes in us in the late 1800s
Immigration (rapid population growth), industrialization, railroads( connect vast new territory and markets, transcontinental railroad links east with west coast and Asian ports)
83
What are Jim Crow laws, what are their results, whats poll taxes
Segregation laws restricting African Americans , separate black and white society Taxes on voting and literacy tests trying to keep African Americans from voting

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