Unit 3b Test Flashcards by Skylar summers.

Main difference between interest group and party?

Parties run candidates, interest groups influence political process

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percent of Americans belong to interest groups

75%

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Most Americans belong to - interest groups

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of interest groups have - since 1970s

Mushroomed

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Americans - to be interest group members

Most likely

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Interest groups have the right to spend money -, what act?

Unlimited, citizens United case

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PACs may contribute - to campaigns, but may also –

Directly, campaign separately

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PACs are - source of revenue for most campaigns

Main

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PACs have to follow —, but can spend —

Campaign contribution limits, unlimited amounts campaigning

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Both PACs and 527s represent - interests and policies

Narrow

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Both PACs and 527s may –(–)for campaigns, but can’t —

Run ads, (issue ads, coordinate with campaigns

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527s are –, – organizations

Tax exempt, nonprofit

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527s (do not, or do) contribute directly to campaigns

Do not

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527s have – FEC regulation

Very little

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527s have - legal campaigning limits

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What are economic interest groups? (4)

Professional groups, labor unions, agricultural groups, business groups

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Professional groups are composed of people from -

Professional occupations

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Economic interest groups are most concerned with - (3)

Wages, prices, profits

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Labor unions are - in power. They are involved in –

Declining, grassroots electioneering

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Agricultural groups are most worried about -

Prices

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What are right to work laws?

Open shop, people don’t have to join Union, causes free rider problem, closed shop (everyone required to be in Union) is illegal

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Largest number of interest groups are - (over -%)

Business groups, over 50%

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Largest business group

Chamber of commerce of US

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What are consumer and public interests (3)?

Consumer interests, environmental interests, govt reform interests

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What are consumer and public interests most concerned with?

Collective goods, free rider problem, foundation grants I

What are equality and justice interests? | What do they mainly use?

Equal rights groups, litigation

What are examples of equal rights groups?

NAACP, NOW

Collective goods:

Something of value automatically enjoyed by everyone, can't be without

Free rider problem:

Individual may receive benefits of a good without contributing to cost

Types of interest group based on membership?

Institutional interest groups, individual interest groups

Institutional interest group examples: (3)

Chamber of commerce of us National league of cities National council of education

Americans citizens - likely to join - or - interest groups than other democs (political participation)

More likely, political or religious interest groups

Electioneering

Actively taking part in campaigns either through grassroots electioneering or through PAC donations

Examples of individual interest groups: (5)

``` AFL-CIO NAACP NOW (national organization for women) Christian coalition Sierra club ```

Union with closed shop:

Workplace where employees must join unions within specified period if Union has been approved by workers

Right to work laws are desired by - to - unions

Businesses, weaken

Paid lobbyists are used by - interest groups, but most effective for -- groups

All, institutional interest groups

Surprisingly, lobbyists -- bc they are - in a - field

Write legislation, experts in a little field

-- are lobbyists successful in changing opinions of policy makers, only good at - opinions of lawmakers who already ---

Very rarely, reinforcing, already agree with them

What are the strategies of interest groups? (4) and what branches do they appeal to?

Lobbying (leg and ex), electioneering (leg and ex), litigation (courts), appealing to public (leg and executive)

Lobbying appeals - to policy makers

Directly

Grassroots campaign work (part of -)

Camp to ppl for candidates, electioneering

By giving donations you can get -

Access

#1 method

Helping finance campaigns

Going public

Working to influence public opinion

Class action lawsuit:

Combining several different cases into one to demonstrate stronger case

Amicus curiae briefs

Legal argument in lawsuit submitted on behalf of litigant from supporters of case

Ratings game:

Grading public officials based on how well they supported the interest groups goals of publicizing results

How do interest groups raise money? (4)

Membership dues, philanthropic foundation grants, fed grants and projects, direct mail campaigning

- is #1 way of getting money for institutional groups

Membership dues

- is important for public interest groups

Philanthropic foundation grants l

- is used for public projects of interest groups and was reduced by - administration

Fed grants and projects, Reagan administration

What's #1 method of raising money for most groups?

Direct mail campaigning

Print media is - as of 2004

Print media users are --

Most informed

Watchdog function of press

Idea that we depend on press to keep an eye on government

Media is strongest of all -- in agenda setting

Linkage institutions

What's a filibuster

Stalling a bill with unlimited speech, Senators only

Staying on message

Effort by party leaders or administrative officials to repeat the planned same message at every opportunity

Coined phrasing

Research to find words or phrases that are most successful to public

Gatekeeper role

Agenda setting, even when story is not reported it affects agenda

Main roles of media (3)

Gatekeeper role, scorekeepers role, watchdog role

The bully pulpit:

President can make speeches covered by media to advance agenda

Media replaces - in teen years

Parents

- media is regulated much heavier than --

Broadcast media, print media

Prior restraint

Govt cannot stop news story before it is published, however can punish afterwards if criminal

Telecommunications act of 1996

Broadcast companies can only own 1 radio station and 1 TV station in each local market, can own as many stations nationally as they desire

Fairness doctrine

Required broadcasters to give time to opposing views if they broadcast a program giving one side of a controversial issue

Communications decency act

(Telecommunications act 1996), illegal to transmit "indecent materials"

- percent of campaign budget

Campaign advertising

Pres has - organization to regulate Media, -- regulates it

White House pres corps, press secretary

First pres to use mass media was - with -

FDR, fireside chats

Pres relationship with pres more -, less -

Confrontational, cordial

4th branch of government

Media

Even though opportunities for political information have - through electronic media, the public is --

Increased, less informed

Unit 3b Test Flashcards

(75 cards)