[S1] LEC: Intro & Historical Perspectives

Question 1

Scientific study of serum and other body fluids

Answer 1

Serology

Question 2

In 430 BC, ___ recorded that individuals who had previously contracted plague recovered

Answer 2

Thucydides

Question 3

He recognized the “immune” status of individuals who previously contracted the plague in 430 BC

Answer 3

Thucydides

Question 4

In 1000 AD, Chinese performed a form of immunization by inhaling dried powders derived from smallpox lesion; this is called ___

Answer 4

Variolation

Question 5

In 1798, ___ created the smallpox vaccination

Answer 5

Edward Jenner

Question 6

In 1862, ___ had observed white blood cells digesting dye particles, leading to the discovery of phagocytosis

Answer 6

Ernest Haeckel

Question 7

Father of Immunology

Answer 7

Louis Pasteur

Question 8

In 1862, ___ formulated live attenuated, chicken cholera, and anthrax vaccine

Answer 8

Louis Pasteur

Question 9

In ___, the live “attenuated” vaccine for rabies was first reported by Pasteur

Answer 9

1885

Question 10

In 1883-1905, ___ introduced the cellular theory of immunity through phagocytosis

Answer 10

Ellie Metchnikoff

Question 11

In 1890, ___ and ___ proposed the humoral theory of immunity

Answer 11

Emil von Behring
Shibasaburo Kitasato

Question 12

In 1891, ___ demonstrated cutaneous (delayed-type) hypersensitivity

Answer 12

Robert Koch

Question 13

In 1900, ___ introduced the antibody formation theory

Answer 13

Paul Ehrlich

Question 14

In 1902, ___ and ___ first described immediate-hypersensitivity or anaphylaxis

Answer 14

Paul Portier
Charles Richet

Question 15

In 1903, this was described by Nicolas Maurice Arthus

Answer 15

Arthus Reaction of Intermediate Hypersensitivity

Question 16

This is described as an acute hemorrhagic or necrotic process that occurs locally when injected into immunized individuals possessing high titres of precipitating antibody

Answer 16

The Arthus Reaction

Question 17

In 1938, ___ introduced the hypothesis of antigen-antibody binding

Answer 17

Phillipa Marrack

Question 18

In 1944, ___ introduced the hypothesis of allograft rejection

Answer 18

Peter Medawar

Question 19

In 1949, ___ and ___ pioneered the development of polio vaccine

Answer 19

Salk and Sabin

Question 20

In 1951, ___ created the vaccine against yellow fever

Answer 20

Reed

Question 21

In 1953, ___ introduced the concept of graft-versus-host reaction

Answer 21

Dick W. van Bekkum

Question 22

In 1957, ___ introduced the clonal selection theory

Answer 22

Macfarlene Burnet

Question 23

In 1957, ___ and ___ introduced interferon (viral interference)

Answer 23

Alick Isaacs
Jean Lindemann

Question 24

In 1958-1962, ___ identified the human leukocyte antigen locus

Answer 24

Jean Dausset

Question 25

In 1964-1968, ___ introduced the T cell and B cell cooperation in immune cooperation

Answer 25

Henry Claman

Question 26

In 1972, ___ and ___ identified the antibody molecule

Answer 26

Gerald M. Edelman Rodney R. Porter

Question 27

In 1975, ___ and ___ discovered the first monoclonal antibodies

Answer 27

R. Cesar Milstein George Kohler

Question 28

In 1985-1987, ____ identified the genes for T cell receptor

Answer 28

James P. Allison

Question 29

In 1986, ___ discovered the monoclonal hepatitis B vaccine

Answer 29

Pablo DT Valenzuela

Question 30

In 1986, ___ introduced Th1 versus Th2 model of T helper cell function

Answer 30

Mossman

Question 31

In 1996-1998, ___ and ___ identified the toll-like receptor

Answer 31

Jules Hoffman Bruce Beutler

Question 32

In 2001, ___ discovered FOXP3, the gene directing regulatory T cell development

Answer 32

Ramsdell

Question 33

In 2005, ___ development the human papilloma virus vaccine

Answer 33

Ian Frazer

Question 34

Give examples of opsonins

Answer 34

IgG CRP

Question 35

Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity: B lymphocytes

Answer 35

Humoral

Question 36

Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity: T lymphocytes

Answer 36

Cell-mediated

Question 37

Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity: Extracellular pathogens

Answer 37

Humoral

Question 38

Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity: Antibodies

Answer 38

Humoral

Question 39

Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity: Cytokines

Answer 39

Cell-mediated

Question 40

Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity: Intracellular, intravesicular, microbes

Answer 40

Cell-mediated

Question 41

Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity: Opsonization

Answer 41

Humoral

Question 42

Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity: Neutralization

Answer 42

Humoral

Question 43

Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity: Cell lysis

Answer 43

Cell-mediated

Question 44

Identify whether humoral or cell-mediated immunity: Apoptosis

Answer 44

Cell-mediated