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MOR 260: National Board Exam Review > Sociology & History Comprehensive Exam > Flashcards

Sociology & History Comprehensive Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Who was responsible for mixing all of the materials necessary for Egyptian embalming?

A

Pollinctor

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2
Q

The NFDA was formed in:

A

1882

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3
Q

Who was the first group to exercise strict control over the embalming process?

A

Kher-heb

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4
Q

Which of the following was not among the duties of the sexton:

  • Digging the graves
  • Tolling the bell
  • Directing the procession
  • Embalming the body
A

Embalming the body

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5
Q

The Public Health Movement in America was formally launched in 1850 by the publication of the Report of which Sanitary Commission:

A

Massachusetts

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6
Q

Until the Civil War, hearses were nearly always painted:

A

Black

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7
Q

A service commemorating the deceased with the body present

A

Funeral ceremony

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8
Q

The use of an “effigy” became popularized during:

A

Middle-Ages

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9
Q

Founded in 1917, membership is by invitation only

A

National Selected Morticians

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10
Q

Founded in 1919, its original purpose was to provide a variety of advertising programs that were used by area funeral directors

A

The International Order of the Golden Rule

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11
Q

Founded in 1903 its main function is its professional testing service

A

Conference of Funeral Service Examining Boards

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12
Q

Founded in 1882, it serves its members in government relations, communications, education, and programs, products, and services to assist them in both the caregiving and business aspects of the profession

A

National Funeral Directors Association

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13
Q

Renamed in 1959, it is the official accrediting agency for mortuary science schools

A

American Board of Funeral Service Education

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14
Q

A soul-shot was:

A

The mortuary fee in the Middle Ages

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15
Q

The goddess of corpses and funerals:

A

Libitina

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16
Q

Who wrote the “History of Embalming”?

A

Jean Gannal

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17
Q

Edwin Chadwick investigated the sanitary conditions in the laboring population of:

A

Great Britain

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18
Q

The easiest way to get from the place of funeral services to the cemetery is by a

A

Procession

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19
Q

The Order Concerning Embalmers was issued by the:

A

War Department

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20
Q

The canopic jars which housed the organs of deceased Egyptians were named after the four sons of:

A

Horus

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21
Q

A reason many gave for their belief that the auto-hearse would be slow in taking hold was:

A

It was much more expensive than the horse-drawn

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22
Q

Who discovered the circulation of blood?

A

William Harvey

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23
Q

Casket selection was mostly made from:

A

Manufacturers catalog

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24
Q

Unlike his English cousin, the Colonial sexton:

A

Charged a fee for services rendered

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25
Q

One of the standard pieces of equipment, and the most common symbol of the funeral procession has been the:

A

Hearse

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26
Q

Which of the following is not a Hebrew mourning custom:

  • Fasting
  • Tearing the garments
  • Bare feet
  • Lamentation
  • Black clothing
A

Black clothing

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27
Q

Once intramural burial became limited or restricted, and cemeteries were established outside of cities, the need for a better _____ became urgent

A

Mode of transportation

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28
Q

The most common symbol of death during the early New England days was:

A

Skull & crossbones

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29
Q

Although patents were granted as early as 1909, it was not until after WWI that these made their appearance:

A

Funeral limousine

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30
Q

He furnished other undertakers with necessary supplies and paraphernalia:

A

Furnishings undertaker

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31
Q

Egyptians embalmed because of:

A
  • Sanitary reasons

* Religious reasons

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32
Q

Who usually supervised the lowering of the casket at the cemetery:

A

Undertaker

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33
Q

This was placed on the tongue and used to pay the Charon for passage over the river Styx to the Elysian Plain in the Ancient Greek custom:

A

Obol

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34
Q

With the appearance of these small but productive businesses the emphasis in the funeral began to shift in the direction of the coffin:

A
  • Coffin shops

* Warehouses

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35
Q

Who is considered to be the originator of the arterial injection technique of preserving human remains?

A

William Hunter

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36
Q

Much opposition appeared against embalming due to:

A

The lack of understanding

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37
Q

The _____ makes one person licensed to practice funeral service responsible to a family to try to meet all of their needs

A

Whole man - total funeral concept

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38
Q

Which of the following was not a role of a municipal officer:

A

Mayor

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39
Q

What was often given to each pallbearer at the Dutch funeral as a gift:

A

Monkey spoon

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40
Q

Where did the word embalm get its origin?

A
  • The Latin word balsamum
  • The Greek word balsomon
  • The French word embaume
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41
Q

The first state convention was in:

A

Jackson, Michigan

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42
Q

The corpse cooler was made of:

A

???

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43
Q

The deepest period of mourning was considered in the first:

A

Six months

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44
Q

Delivery times of the casket ranged from 20-38 hours depending on the:

A
  • Distance
  • Availability
  • Request
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45
Q

Of the following tombs listed, which is not associated with the Greeks:

  • Stelae
  • Bench
  • Trapezae
  • Kiones
  • Naidia
A

Bench

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46
Q

All of the Egyptian methods of embalming involved:

  • Evisceration
  • Washing the body with expensive perfumes
  • Soaking the body in Natron
  • All of the above
  • None of the above
A

Soaking the body in Natron

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47
Q

German and Scandinavian final disposition were based on:

A

???

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48
Q

During the late Middle-Ages who began experimenting with embalming:

A

???

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49
Q

Dionysius was recognized as:

A

“The god if wine”

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50
Q

Rites with the body present

A

Funeral

51
Q

Patterns identifiable in all cultures

A

Cultural universal

52
Q

The science of social group study

A

Sociology

53
Q

Both funeral and memorial service

A

Funeral rite

54
Q

Rites without the body present

A

Memorial service

55
Q

Must behavior enforced by government

A

Law

56
Q

An action with symbolic content

A

Ritual

57
Q

Standard of behavior non-compulsive

A

Folkway

58
Q

Standard of behavior based on sacred beliefs

A

Religion

59
Q

An action with no symbolic content

A

Ceremony

60
Q

The method by which social values are learned

A

Enculturation

61
Q

Abstract patterns of and for living and dying

A

Culture

62
Q

Dictates what one must not do

A

Taboos

63
Q

Social values dictated by tradition

A

Customs patterns

64
Q

Must behavior of the basic and important ideas and acts of people

A

Mores

65
Q

Devoid of religious connotation

A

Humanistic funeral

66
Q

Those rites which follow prescribed ritual

A

Traditional funeral rite

67
Q

Completely devoid of any form of funeral rite

A

Immediate disposition

68
Q

Contemporary funeral rite

A

Adaptive funeral rite

69
Q

A rite which deviates from the norm

A

Non-traditional funeral rite

70
Q

Increased concentrated population

A

Urbanization

71
Q

Loss of individual identity

A

Anonymity

72
Q

Relocation

A

Mobility

73
Q

Loss of craftsmanship

A

Industrialization

74
Q

Strict departmental standards with little or no variation of the standards

A

Bureaucratization

75
Q

Moving and living in an area different from or other than the place of birth

A

Neolocalism

76
Q

Specific act or function dealing with death

A

Rite

77
Q

Funeral rite identifiable with a pre-literate society

A

Primitive funeral rite

78
Q

Disposition of human remains devoid of any funeral rite at the time of disposition

A

Immediate disposition

79
Q

Specified methods of procedure

A

Rules

80
Q

What did Benjamin Franklin anticipate by nearly two centuries:

A

Cryonics

81
Q

In 1909, at least two companies were producing motorized vehicles for funeral services with the emphasis on:

A
  • Speed

* Smooth glide to the cemetery

82
Q

Early Hebrews buried their dead on the evening of the day of death because of:

A

Hygienic necessity

83
Q

In this method the price on the casket or associated with it included the casket, services and facilities of the funeral establishment

A

Single unit

84
Q

The first formal association organization appeared in 1864 before the Civil War in:

A

Philadelphia

85
Q

In Egypt, he was in charge of all the others in the funeral process

A

Kher-Heb

86
Q

Black bordered and dismal they were often crudely and gruesomely decorated with the macabre symbols of death:

A

Broadside sheets

87
Q

If the family is Catholic the funeral director will contact a _____ to perform the services

A

Priest

88
Q

The Catholic service can be called a Mass of Christian Burial or a _____

A

Funeral Mass

89
Q

A decision made at the first national gathering was that the term Funeral Director should replace the term:

A

Undertaker

90
Q

Which of the following was not an ingredient of early embalming fluid:

  • Arsenates
  • Poisonous metals
  • Chlorides
  • Formaldehyde
A

Formaldehyde

91
Q

The father of American embalming:

A

Thomas Holmes

92
Q

In Egyptian history, the “City of the Dead”:

A

Necropolis

93
Q

Non-commercial schools were rare because _____

A
  • Limited demand for embalmers

* High cost of instruction

94
Q

Who devised a technique for arterial embalming while searching for a means of inhibiting putrefaction, but did not divulge his media nor operative details

A

Frederick Ruysch

95
Q

The place of burial was so important to the Hebrew family because:

A

Family members buried together remained in Sheol together

96
Q

An elongated hollow needle sword-like through which fluids might be injected into and throughout the trunk cavity of the dead:

A

Trocar

97
Q

The Egyptian god of the underworld and judge of the dead:

A

Osiris

98
Q

The History of Embalming was originally written in:

A

French

99
Q

Another name for the Middle Ages was:

A

Dark-Ages

100
Q

In 1878 Congress proceeded to establish a:

A

National Board of Health

101
Q

Which artery did Holmes use to embalm:

A

Femoral

102
Q

The atmosphere of the late 19th century funerals was:

A

Heavy gloom

103
Q

Hebrews believed that the spirit was found in the:

A

Blood

104
Q

The funeral director / undertaker first only charged for his:

A

Merchandise

105
Q

If the family is Jewish the funeral director will contact a _____ to perform the services

A

Rabbi

106
Q

A waxed death mask of nobility was referred to as:

A

Effigy

107
Q

The main difference between commercially and non-commercially operated schools was:

A

Commercial were operated by chemical companies

108
Q

The most popular material used in making caskets was:

A

Wood

109
Q

What president was the Style “E” State Casket provided for:

A

Grant

110
Q

The most expensive method of Egyptian embalming consisted of five steps, the last of which was

A

Bandaging, anointing, and spicing

111
Q

What was the primarily responsible for the formation of “Prayer Guilds” in the Middle Ages?

A

The Catholic doctrine of purgatory

112
Q

The netherworld of the Hebrews was called:

A

Sheol

113
Q

The first state to require licenser of embalmers:

A

Virginia

114
Q

Who, during the process of dissecting over 50 cadavers, developed a system of venous injection which may have inspired others?

A

Leonardo Da Vinci

115
Q

They were referred to as blood-letters:

A

Barber-surgeons

116
Q

The following did not play a role in Egyptian undertaking:

  • Pollinctor
  • Lawyer
  • Paraschisties
  • Lectarii
A

Lectarii

117
Q

A.C. Barstow of Providence, Rhode Island in 1859 obtained a patent on a(n) design based on a simple system of overlapping ribs:

A

Ogee

118
Q

Children’s hearses were nearly always painted:

A

White

119
Q

A sin-eater:

A
  • Received 6 pence for his services
  • Was to take up the sins of the dead
  • Was an outcast
120
Q

The early coffins were made by:

A
  • Carpenters

* Cabinet makers

121
Q

The correct name for the room where caskets are displayed in a funeral home is _____

A

Casket selection room

122
Q

The journey known as the Circle of Necessity lead:

A

To the sun and back

123
Q

Which of the following is not a secondary function served by the wake of the Middle-Ages:

  • Cleared those present at the death of any wrong doing
  • Welcomed the principal heir to his new home
  • Allowed all to witness whether the wealth was being divided equally
  • It was a place for the minister to give a fire and brimstone speech
A

It was a place for the minister to give a fire and brimstone speech

124
Q

The term hearse is now sometimes replaced with the term:

A

Funeral coach

MOR 260: National Board Exam Review (42 decks)

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