Terminal Respiration Flashcards
Where is the only site of oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotes?
Mitochondria
What does oxidative phosphorylation allow?
The coupling of the oxidation of carbon fuels to ATP synthesis and utilises proton gradients to produce ATP.
What is the glycerol phosphate shuttle?
FADHs passing its electrons on to the electron transport chain within the mitochondria from the cytoplasm.
What does complex 1 do in the electron transport chain?
Oxidises NADH and passes high energy electrons to ubiquinone to make ubiquinol.
What does complex 2 do in the electron transport chain?
Oxidises FADH2 and passes high energy electrons to ubiquinone to make ubiquinol.
What is it believed that heme groups do to electrons?
Block stray electrons as leaked ones are believed to contribute to cancer.
What does complex 3 do in the electron transport chain?
Takes electrons and passes them to cytochrome c. 1QH2 is oxidised to yield two reduced cytochrome c molecules and pumps proteins across the intermembrane space.
What does complex 4 do in the electron transport chain?
Takes electrons from cytochrome c and passes them to molecular oxygen. Electrons passed through the channel pump proteins into the intermembrane space.
How is energy conserved in the electron transport chain?
From the breakdown of food and also through setting up a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Define chemiosmosis.
As electrons pass through the complexes of the transport chain protons move from the matrix to the outside of the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Define proton motive force.
When these protons are allowed to flow back down their gradient they release energy to do work.
