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Text Chapters 15 & 16: Ecology- Biomes Flashcards Preview

Biology 3 > Text Chapters 15 & 16: Ecology- Biomes > Flashcards

Flashcards in Text Chapters 15 & 16: Ecology- Biomes Deck (13)
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1

Influences of the Sun

temperatures are highest at the equator and decline at areas toward the poles

2

Influences of the Rotation and Tilt of the Earth

hemisphere tilted toward the sun changes as earth orbits the sun

3

Influences of Topography (Elevation and Rain Shadow)

wind blows from oceans towards land, rising when it hits mountains, rising air cools and holds less moisture, leading to cloud formation and rain, air passes over mountain tops and falls, becoming warmer and increasing the moisture it can hold. This reduces rainfall and results in dry areas

4

Influences of Ocean Currents

there are several large, circular patterns of flowing water in the oceans due to a combination of forces including wind, the earth’s rotation, the gravitational pull of the moon, temperature, and salt concentration

5

Tropical Rainforest Biome

warm temperature, large amounts of rainfall, greatest diversity of species on the planet

6

Savanna

short rainy season, long, severe droughts, grasses with scattered clumps of trees, large mammals

7

Desert

less than 10 inches of annual rainfall, temperature extremes

8

Chaparral

Mild rainy winters, long, hot, dry summers

9

Grasslands

10-30 inches of rainfall, snow in winter, periodic droughts , frequent fires, grazing animals

10

Temperate Deciduous Forest

30-60 inches of annual rainfall-most during the summer, cold winters, deciduous trees- loose leaves in cold, dry weather, layered vegetation- trees, shrubs, wildflowers, abundant animal species

11

Taiga

short growing season, long, cold winters, evergreen confiners, limited species diversity

12

Tundra

long, cold winters, short, cold summers 10 or fewer inches of precipitation, permafrost limits plant growth, grasses, perennial flowering plants, breeding area for birds

13

How the Introduction of Exotic Species could Affect the Ecological Balance of an Ecosystem of Biome

when introduced to the island of Guam, brown tree snakes eradicated most of the native species of birds who have never experienced predation by snakes and had not developed defense mechanisms- when introduced to the US as a gardening plant, purple loosestrife escaped from cultivation and has invaded wetlands in every state except Florida, the aggressive plant outgrows native plants, sedges, and flowering plants- when introduced to the Great Lakes, Zebra mussels can cause damage to industrial facilities by clogging water-intake pipes, depleting resources available to small fish, and eliminating the food supply for larger game fish

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