Flashcards in Text Chapter 22: Heart and Circulatory System Deck (29)
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1
Atria
2 chambers
2
Ventricles
2 chambers
3
Valves
2 atrioventricular, 2 semilunar
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Connecting Blood Vessles
arteries and veins, arterioles and venules, capillaries
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Tissue Layers of the Heart
endocardium, myocardium, paricardium
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Endocardium
lining
7
Myocardium
muscle
8
Paricardium
outside
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Types of Blood Vessels Found in the Body
arteries, veins, arterioles, venules, capillaries
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Path of Blood Flow Through the Heart and Lungs and Body
left ventricle, semilunar valves, aorta, descending aorta, inferior vena cava, superior vena cava, right atrium, atrioventricular valve, right ventricle, semilunar valves, pulmonary artery (to right lung), pulmonary artery (to left lung), pulmonary veins (from right lung), pulmonary veins (from left lung), left atrium, atrioventricular valve
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Describe the Heartbeat
“lubb”- atrioventricular valves close, atria relax, ventricles contract, “dubb”- semilunar valves close
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Relate the Heartbeat to Heart Sounds and the ECG Pattern
P- atria contract (“lubb”), QRS- atria relax, ventricles contract, T- ventricles Relax (“dubb”)
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Components that Regulate Heartbeat
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Blood Pressure
systolic pressure/ diastolic pressure
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Systolic Pressure
pressure during ventricular contraction
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Diastolic Pressure
pressure during ventricular relaxation
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Functions of Blood
supplies nutrients, removes waste, equalizes temperature, transports hormones and antibodies
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Red Blood Cells
carry oxygen
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White Blood Cells
defend against invaders
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Platelets
initiate blood clotting
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Plasma
fluid portion of the blood
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LDL
low density lipoprotein, delivers cholesterol, “bad” cholesterol, leads to hypertension, atherosclerosis, stroke, heart attack
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HDL
high density lipoprotein, returns cholesterol to liver for destruction, “good” cholesterol, removes LDL
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Major Diseases of the Circulatory System
hypertension, atherosclerosis, stroke, heart attack
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Common Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
high blood pressure, high bad cholesterol, overnutrition, excess weight, diabetes, underexercise, smoking, heredity, tension/stress
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Arteries
carry blood away from the heart
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Veins
carry blood towards the heart
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Right Ventricle
pumps blood only to the lungs
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