Flashcards in Unit 1: Neurotransmitters and Receptors Deck (76):
1
L1: _____ ACh receptors have ionotropic actions.
Nicotinic
2
L1: _____ ACh receptors have metabotropic actions.
Muscarinic
3
L1: Acetylcholine is produced from a reaction between _____ and ______.
Acetyl-CoA and choline
4
L1: ACh is taken up into vesicles by ______.
Vesical Associated Transporter (VAT)
5
L1: ACh receptors can be divided into the _____ and ______ categories.
Muscarinic, Nicotinic
6
L1: ACh signals are terminated by _____.
Enzymatic degradation by ACh esterase
7
L1: Epinephrine-binding receptors include ______.
alpha-1, alpha-2, beta-1, and beta-2 adrenergic receptors
8
L1: GABA receptors include ______.
GABA-A and GABA-B
9
L1: GABA signals are terminated by ______.
reuptake
10
L1: Glutamate is converted to _____ by astrocytes.
Glutamine
11
L1: Glutamate signals are terminated by _____.
reuptake
12
L1: Monoamine signals are terminated by ______.
reuptake
13
L1: Monoamines are taken up into vescles by ______.
Vesicular Monoamine Transporter (VMAT)
14
L1: Monoamines may be degraded in nerve terminals by ______.
Monoamine Oxidase (MAO)
15
L1: Norepinephrine-binding receptors include ______.
alpha-1, alpha-2, and Beta-1 adrenergic receptors
16
L1: The most important indoleamine transmitter is ______.
5-HT (Serotonin)
17
L1: The three most important catecholamines are ______. (3)
Dopamine, EPI, NOR
18
L1: Which G protein pathway decreases intracellular concentrations of cAMP?
G-i/o
19
L1: Which G protein pathway depresses adnylyl cyclase (AC)?
G-i/o
20
L1: Which G protein pathway increases intracellular concentrations of cAMP?
G-s
21
L1: Which G protein pathway increases intracellular concentrations of DAG and IP3?
G-q
22
L1: Which G protein pathway stimulates adenylyl cyclase (AC)?
G-s
23
L1: Which G protein pathway stimulates phospholipase C (PLC)?
G-q
24
L1: Which neurotransmitters participate in diffuse systems?
ACh and Monoamines
25
L1: Which neurotransmitters participate in hierarchical systems?
Glutamate and GABA
26
L2: ACh production is catalyzed by ______
Choline Acetyl Transferase (CAT)
27
L2: ACh receptors include ______.
N-N, M1-M4
28
L2: AMPA receptors increase ____ ion influx
Calcium and Sodium
29
L2: GABA is produced from ______
Glutamate
30
L2: GABA synthesis is catalyzed by ________.
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase
31
L2: GABA-__ receptors are ionotropic and open ____ channels.
A; Chloride
32
L2: GABA-__ receptors are metabotropic and stimulate G-__
B; i/o
33
L2: Glutamate receptors include ______.
NMDA, AMPA, Kainate, R1-R8
34
L2: Glutamine conversion to glutamate is catalyzed by _______.
Glutaminase
35
L2: In the rate-limiting step of catecholamine synthesis ______ is converted to ______.
Tyrosine; L-Dopa
36
L2: Kainate receptors increase _____ ion influx
Sodium
37
L2: Monoamine receptors are grouped into three categories: _______.
Adrenergic, dopaminergic, serotonin
38
L2: NMDA receptors increase ____ ion influx
Calcium
39
L2: Serotonin receptors include _______.
5HT-1A, 5HT-1B, 5HT-1D, 5HT-2A, 5HT-2B, 5HT-2C, 5HT-3, 5HT-4
40
L2: The rate-limiting step in catecholamine synthesis is catalyzed by _______.
Tyrosine Hydroxylase
41
L2: The rate-limiting step in indoleamine synthesis is catalyzed by _______.
Tryptophan Hydroxylase (TpH)
42
L2: Which serotonin receptors are ionotropic? This receptor allows influx of _____.
5HT-3; cations
43
L3: 5HT-1A, 5HT-1B, and 5HT-1D receptors activate the G-__ pathway.
i/o
44
L3: 5HT-2A, 5HT-2B, and 5HT-2C receptors activate the G-__ pathway.
q
45
L3: 5HT-4 receptors activate the G-__ pathway.
s
46
L3: Alpha-1 adrenergic receptors activate the G-__ pathway.
q
47
L3: Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors activate the G-__ pathway.
i/o
48
L3: Beta-1 adrenergic receptors activate the G-__ pathway.
s
49
L3: Beta-2 adrenergic receptors activate the G-__ pathway.
s
50
L3: D1 receptors activate the G-__ pathway.
s
51
L3: D2 receptors activate the G-__ pathway.
i/o
52
L3: M1 and M3 ACh receptors activate the G-__ pathway.
q
53
L3: M2 and M4 ACh recptors activate the G-__ pathway.
i/o
54
L3: Name seven important neurotransmitters.
GABA, Glu, ACh, EPI, NOR, Dopamine, Serotonin
55
L3: R1 and R5 receptors activate the G-__ pathway
q
56
L3: R2 and R3 receptors activate the G-__ pathway and activate __ channels
i/o; Potassium
57
L3: R4, R6, R7, and R8 receptors activate the G-__ pathway
i/o
58
L3: Which ACh receptors activate the G-i/o pathway?
M2 and M4
59
L3: Which ACh receptors activate the G-q pathway?
M1 and M3
60
L3: Which adrenergic receptors activate the G-i/o pathway?
Alpha-2
61
L3: Which adrenergic receptors activate the G-q pathway?
Alpha-1
62
L3: Which adrenergic receptors activate the G-s pathway?
Beta-1 and Beta-2
63
L3: Which dopamine receptors activate the G-i/o pathway?
D2
64
L3: Which dopamine receptors activate the G-q pathway?
None
65
L3: Which dopamine receptors activate the G-s pathway?
D1
66
L3: Which Glutamate receptors activate the G-i/o pathway and activate potassium channels?
R2 and R3
67
L3: Which Glutamate receptors activate the G-i/o pathway only?
R4, R6, R7, and R8
68
L3: Which Glutamate receptors activate the G-q pathway?
R1 and R5
69
L3: Which Glutamate receptors activate the G-s pathway?
None
70
L3: Which serotonin receptors activate the G-i/o pathway?
5HT-1A, 5HT-1B, and 5HT-1D
71
L3: Which serotonin receptors activate the G-q pathway?
5HT-2A, 5HT-2B, and 5HT-2C
72
L3: Which serotonin receptors activate the G-s pathway?
5HT-4
73
L4: Name all ionotropic receptors. (6)
GABA-A, NMDA, AMPA, Kainate, N-N, 5HT-3
74
L4: Name all receptors that activate G-i/o. (14)
GABA-B, R2-R4, R6-R8, M2, M4, alpha-2, D2, 5HT-1A, 5HT-1B, 5HT-1D
75
L4: Name all receptors that activate G-q. (8)
R1, R5, M1, M3, alpha-1, 5HT-2A, 5HT-2B, 5HT-2C
76