Flashcards in Unit 1: Nervous System Embryology Deck (69)
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L1: _____ migration: use of glial cells to climb the ladder and form the characteristic inside-out pattern of the cerebral cortex
Radial
2
L1: A crease forms in the neural plate, resulting in the neural _____.
Groove
3
L1: A neuron leaves the cell cycle and differentiates following a/an _______ division.
asymmetric
4
L1: An asymmetric division in the ventricular zone occurs in a ______ orientation with respect to the ventricular surface.
parallel
5
L1: During the M phase, primitive neurons are located _______.
Medially/deep
6
L1: NT-3, BDNF, and NGF are examples of ______.
Neurotrophins
7
L1: The rhomboencephalon can be divided into 8 _______, which differ in expression of Hox genes.
rhombomeres
8
L1: The third and fourth ventricle communicate via the ______.
Cerebral Aqueduct
9
L1: What pathologic process? Results from a mutation in DCX, a gene involved in microtubule polymerization, which leads to impaired neuronal migration
Double Cortex Syndrome
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L1: What pathologic process? Results from a mutation in LIS1, a gene involved in regulation of microtubule cytoskeletal function, which leads to impaired neuronal migration
Lissencephaly Type 1
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L2: _____ are ____-range axon guidance molecules that can facilitate attraction and repulsion.
Netrins; long
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L2: _____ migration: seen in neurons migrating from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb
Chain
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L2: _____ migration: seen in neurons moving from the lateral ganglionic eminence to the cortex
Tangential
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L2: _______ interact with receptors of the ____ family and are important in facilitating neuronal survival.
Neurotrophins; Trk
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L2: ________ are short and long-range axon guidance molecules that can facilitate ______.
Semaphorins; repulsion
16
L2: ________ on the presynpatic membrane interact with ______ on the postsynaptic membrane to facilitate alignment of a synapse.
Neuroexins; neuroligins
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L2: BMPs are secreted by the _______, resulting in a high concentration in the _____ portion of the neural tube.
Lateral ectoderm; dorsal
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L2: Cadherins, CAMs, and many ECF components are classified as _____-range axon guidance molecules that can facilitate _______.
Short; attraction
19
L2: Dorsal cells that develop into sensory neurons comprise the _____ plate.
alar
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L2: During ______ neurulation, cells at the caudal end develop vacuoles and make contact with the central canal of the neural tube, creating the ________.
Conus medullaris/filum terminale
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L2: During ______ neurulation, the notochord releases ___ to induce development of the ________.
Primary; Shh; neural plate
22
L2: During the S phase, primitive neurons are located _______.
Laterally/superficially
23
L2: Ephrins and tenascin are classified as ______-range axon guidance molecules that can facilitate ______.
Short; repulsion
24
L2: In embryonic stages, intracellular chloride levels are _______, causing GABA stimulation to be _______.
increased; excitatory
25
L2: In the ______, neuronal migration occurs opposite of the cerebral cortex, resulting in an outside-in pattern.
Retina
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L2: MeCP2 mutations on the ____ chromosome affect the process of _______ and give rise to ______.
X; transcription; Rett Syndrome
27
L2: Myelination occurs first in the ______.
periphery
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L2: Neural crest cells arise between the _____ and the ______.
Neurectoderm, Epidermis
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L2: Neurogenesis occurs in an adult brain in the __________.
dentate gyrus; subventricular zone
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