Unit 2

Question 1

an intellectual and cultural “re-birth” from 1350-1600

Answer 1

Renaissance

Question 2

The Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects; Saw his era as directly related to ancient Greece and Rome, NOT to “Dark Ages”

Answer 2

Georgio Vasari

Question 3

Renaissance intellectual that created term “Dark Ages”

Answer 3

Petrarch

Question 4

combo of free men seeking independence from local nobles (who owned land) AND nobles who moved to city for $$$$

Answer 4

Urban nobility

Question 5

middle-level merchants/businessmen in Renaissance cities who couldn’t vote and were heavily taxed

Answer 5

Popolo

Question 6

most famous revolt of popolo in Florence in 1378

Answer 6

Ciompi Revolt

Question 7

despots, or one-man rule

Answer 7

Signori

Question 8

mercenaries in Renaissance Italian cities

Answer 8

Condottierri

Question 9

rule by a few people or small group

Answer 9

Oligarchies

Question 10

most senior elected official in Venice

Answer 10

Doge

Question 11

ruling family of Florence

Answer 11

Medici

Question 12

Stressed personality, uniqueness, genius, full development of one’s talents, quest for glory

Answer 12

Renaissance individualism

Question 13

studied classics to understand human nature and uniqueness of humans

Answer 13

Renaissance humanism

Question 14

dominant ideals shifted toward “here and now” (often acquisition of material things)

Answer 14

Renaissance secularism

Question 15

term to describe Renaissance from 1500-1527; dominated by Rome

Answer 15

“High Renaissance”

Question 16

era of Renaissance dominated by Mannersim

Answer 16

“Late Renaissance”

Question 17

Artistic style of distorted figures, confusing themes

Answer 17

Mannerism

Question 18

Pico della Mirandola; man is special because God made him in His image

Answer 18

On the Dignity of Man

Question 19

Castiglione; Ideal man is multi-lingual, educated in humanities, skilled in arts (a “Renaissance man”)

Answer 19

The Courtier

Question 20

Lorenzo Valla; used textual criticism to show Roman emperor did NOT turn western Roman empire over to pope in 4th century

Answer 20

Donation of Constantine

Question 21

Christine de Pisan; Women should be given humanist education as well

Answer 21

The City of Ladies

Question 22

Lorenzo Valla; sensual pleasure highest good

Answer 22

On Pleasure

Question 23

Machiavelli; How a ruler should gain, maintain, and increase POWER

Answer 23

The Prince

Question 24

Use of contrasts between light and dark to create three dimensional figures

Answer 24

Chiaroscuro

Question 25

All elements in painting converge on single point in distance to create depth and realism

Answer 25

Single point perspective

Question 26

Leonardo da Vinci

Answer 26

The Last Supper

Question 27

each letter was carved and re-arranged; perfected by Johann Gutenberg, Johann Fust, Peter Schoeffer

Answer 27

Movable type

Question 28

Erasmus of Rotterdam; Criticized Church, said it had moved away from its original ideas

Answer 28

In Praise of Folly

Question 29

Thomas More; Described perfect world where everyone was educated in classics and property did not exist; said key to reform was to reform things (property) that made people bad

Answer 29

Utopia

Question 30

Alberti; woman's job was to stay at home, serving of meals, education of children, supervising servants

Answer 30

On the Family