1st Amendment - U.S. Constitution
guarantees freedoms of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition, prohibiting Congress from establishing religion or restricting these rights
2nd Amendment - U.S. Constitution
protects the right of the people to keep and bear arms
3rd Amendment - U.S. Constitution
prohibits the quartering of soldiers in private homes without the owner’s consent in peacetime
4th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
safeguards against unreasonable searches and seizures, requiring warrants based on probable cause
5th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
provides protections in criminal proceedings, including rights against self-incrimination, double jeopardy, and deprivation of life, liberty, or property without due process.
6th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
ensures the right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury, to be informed of charges, to confront witnesses, and to have legal counsel
7th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
preserves the right to a jury trial in federal civil cases involving more than twenty dollars and prevents re-examination of facts tried by a jury
8th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
forbids excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishments
9th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
the enumeration of certain rights in the Constitution shall not deny or disparage others retained by the people
10th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
reserves powers not delegated to the federal government nor prohibited to the states to the states or the people
11th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
bars federal courts from hearing suits against states by citizens of another state or foreign country
12th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
establishes separate Electoral College votes for president and vice president to prevent ties and clarify the election process
13th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
abolishes slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime
14th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
grants citizenship to all born or naturalized in the U.S., ensures due process and equal protection under the law, and addresses post-Civil War issues
15th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
prohibits denying the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude
16th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
authorizes Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states
17th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
provides for the direct election of U.S. senators by popular vote rather than by state legislatures
18th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
prohibits the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors, instituting Prohibition
19th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
grants women the right to vote by prohibiting denial of suffrage based on sex
20th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
sets January 3 as the start of congressional terms and January 20 for presidential terms, reducing the lame-duck period
21st Amendment - U.S. Constitution
repeals the Eighteenth Amendment, ending Prohibition while allowing states to regulate alcohol
22nd Amendment - U.S. Constitution
limits presidents to two elected terms, or a maximum of ten years if succeeding mid-term
23rd Amendment - U.S. Constitution
grants residents of Washington, D.C., the right to vote in presidential elections by allocating electors
24th Amendment - U.S. Constitution
eliminates poll taxes in federal elections to prevent voter disenfranchisement