W11_01 Antenatal care Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in W11_01 Antenatal care Deck (23)
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1
Q

what’s included in the pre-conception assessment?

A

age;
LMP/cycle length/regularity;
folic acid;
immunization status;
genetic and familial risk;
maternal conditions;
obstetrical history

2
Q

what’s chadwick’s sign?

A

blue discoloration of the vagina mucosa because of increased vascularity to the pelvic organs

3
Q

what’s hegar’s sign?

A

softening of the uterus. A probable sign of pregnancy

4
Q

what are the positive signs of pregnancy?

A

positive pregnancy test;
auscultation of fetal heart;
perception of fetal movements by examiner;
ultrasound demonstration of fetus

5
Q

what’s time 0 of the gestational age?

A

last normal menstrual period

6
Q

what’s naegle’s rule?

A

LNMP + 9 months + 7 days

7
Q

what’s the average length of pregnancy?

A

280 days = 40 weeks GA;
38 weeks conception

8
Q

note: the longer the time elapsed of gestation, the more poorly US is at dating the length of pregnancy

A

accurate to 1 week in T1, 2 weeks in T2, 3 weeks in T3

9
Q

if the uterus is between umbilicus and xiphoid, how long has the pregnancy been?

A

36 weeks

10
Q

if the uterus is between the symphysis and umbilicus, how long is the gestation?

A

16 weeks

11
Q

what are some maternal medical issues during pregnancy?

A

gestational hypertension w/ or w/o proteinuria, pre-eclampsia;
gestational diabetes;
cholestasis of pregnancy, PUPPPS

12
Q

what are some fetal medical issues during pregnancy?

A

growth restriction/macrosomia;
chromosomal or structural anomalies;
hydrops;
cardiac arrhythmias;
malpresentation

13
Q

what are some placental/obstetrical issues during pregnancy?

A

short cervix;
preterm labour;
PPROM;
abnormal placentation;
antepartum hemorrhage;
polyhydramnios/oligohydramnios;
post term pregnancy

14
Q

define postterm pregnancy

A

any pregnancy over 42 weeks of term

15
Q

define placenta previa

A

placenta is covering the cervical os

16
Q

what factors should be looked at to assess growth of the fetus?

A

estimated fetal weight, fetal abdominal circumference, biparietal diamter, femur length

17
Q

how to identify at-risk pregnancies?

A

US assessment;
complete anatomical scan;
growth;
biophysical profile;
doppler flow studies;
third trimester scan

18
Q

what to test for when doing first trimester screening?

A

down syndrome (trisomy 21 and trisomy 18)

19
Q

what does the quad screen test for?

A

alpha fetoprotein;
beta HCG;
unconjugated estriol;
inhibin A;

done to check for chromosomal abnormalities and ONTD

20
Q

what are the two invasive prenantal testing methods?

A

chorionic villus sampling;
amniocentesis

21
Q

nausea and vomiting affect how many pregnant women?

A

50-90%

22
Q

what’s the treatment for nuasea/vomiting in pregnancy?

A

Diclectin 2-4 tabs/day up to 8 tabs a day

23
Q

what can alcohol consumption in pregnancy cause?

A

fetal alcohol spectrum disorder/IUGR, distinctive facies, developmental delay, behavioural disorder

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