W15_03 substance abuse Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in W15_03 substance abuse Deck (15)
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1
Q

what are the anatomical structures involved in addiction?

A

nucleus accumbens;
medial forebrain bundle;
dopamine is the neurotransmitter

2
Q

note: cocaine acts on the reward pathway directly, so it has a huge effect

A

ok

3
Q

what are some of the characteristics that make drugs addictive?

A

rapid onset;
potency at receptor;
short duration of action;
tolerance;
withdrawal

4
Q

note: tolerance blah balh

A

ok

5
Q

positive famil history increases risk of alcohol dependence. How does this affect the response to alcohol in the individual?

A

fewer adverse effects (e.g. hangover);
greater tolerance;
more positive effects

6
Q

note: many mental disorders are linked with addiction

A

the drugs help them get out of their disorders

7
Q

note: for addicts, their lives often focus and revolve around getting and using the drugs

A

ok

8
Q

what are the 4 Cs of drug use?

A

compulsive drug use;
inability to cut down;
cravings;
continued use despite consequences

9
Q

how to take a substance use history? (I P TARRR)

A

initiation;
pattern of use;
treatment history;
abstinence;
relapse;
risk assessment;
readiness to change

10
Q

note: risk of CAD after quitting smoking dec 50% in one year

A

risk of stroke normalizes after 5 years

11
Q

what does nicotine cause pharmacologically?

A

psychoactive effects in pleasure, arousal, relaxation, anxiety relief;
CV effects of increase HR, cardiac output, BP, but coronary/cutaneous vasoconstriction;
appetite suppression;
increased metabolic rate

12
Q

what are the 5 As of initiating smoking cessation

A

ask;
advise;
assess;
assist;
arrange follow up

13
Q

what are some pharmacotherapies for quitting smoking?

A

nicotine replacement therapy;
bupropion;
varenicline;
combination therapy

14
Q

what’s buproprion? (smoking cessation)

A

atypical antidepressant thought to elevate dopamine levels in mesolimbic system and nucleus accumbens

15
Q

what’s veranacline/champix? (smoking cessation)

A

partial nicotine agonist/antagonist

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