W10_09 Infertility Flashcards Preview

MMMD 2 > W10_09 Infertility > Flashcards

Flashcards in W10_09 Infertility Deck (18)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

define infertility

A

no pregnancy after 12 months;
primary (never pregnancy), secondary (previos conception of ANY kind)

2
Q

what are the two main reasons for scar tissue in fallopian tubes?

A

PID and endometriosis;
also - adhesions, ruptured appendix, imperforate hymen (retrograde menstruation)

3
Q

what’s hydrosalpinges?

A

blocked, swollen fallopian tubes

4
Q

what percentage of patients with endometriosis will be infertile?

A

30-40%

5
Q

note: surgical treatment of endometriosis can improve fertility

A

ok

6
Q

what’s a chocolate cyst?

A

a cyst, filled with old blood. Due to endometriosis

7
Q

what’s Asherman’s syndrome?

A

scarring inside uterus in the endometrial cavity

8
Q

note: intramural fibroids are the controversial ones - not sure if they cause infertility

A

ok

9
Q

what’s the difference between hysterosalpingogram and sonohysterogram?

A

the first is xray w/contrast, the latter is ultrasound w/saline

10
Q

examinable: know the difference between bicornate and septate uterus

A

septate - heart on inside, normal outside. Increased risk of miscarriage
Bicornate - heart on inside, heart on outside. Can carry baby, but often breech position.

11
Q

what’s a cone biopsy?

A

biopsy of the cervix in a cone shape

12
Q

what are some cervical factors of infertility?

A

previous cervicitis, cone biopsy, antisperm Ab

13
Q

what’s the WHO standards of fertile semen?

A

2-5cc volume;
20-40 million/mL;
50% motile;
>4% morphology;
ideally 0 leukocytes

14
Q

note: DNA fragmentation of sperm testing is not covered by OHIP

A

ok

15
Q

what are some male factors for infertility?

A

undescended testes;
trauma;
varicocele/previous hernia repair;
infection (mumps);
cancer/chemo/radiation;
smoking, marijuana

16
Q

what kinds of ovulation-stimulating medications do we have?

A

selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM);
estrogen aromatase inhibitor;
rFSH

17
Q

what’s ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome?

A

a risk of IVF - too much stimulation with estrogen, causing too many eggs, leaky membranes, ascites, edema, etc

18
Q

how to treat OHSS?

A

hydration, electrolytes, ascites drainage

Decks in MMMD 2 Class (64):