Locomotion Flashcards
describe the functions of the skeletal system
- provides our basic shape
- provides support for the body
- allows muscular system to produce movement (locomotion)
- protection of vital organs
what are the two functional parts of the skelton
axial and appendicular
what is included in the axial skeleton
head
neck
trunk
what is included in the appendicular skeleton
limbs
pectoral and pelvic girdle
describe cartilage
avascular, resilient, semirigid connective tissue
in areas for flexibility, and articular cartilage reduces friction
what are the functions of bone
support
protection
mechanical basis
storage
formation of new cells (eg immune cells).
what distinguises compact and spongy bone
amount of solid matter and size of space
describe compact bone
provides strength for weight bearing, in long bones it is found in the middle of the shaft
long bones have elevations
what are the elevations in long bones
ridges, crest, and tubercles
what are the five classifications of bones
long
short
flat
irregular
sesamoid
what is a sesamoid bone
patella in the knee
what are the flat bones like
protective
what are long bones like
tubular
describe short bones
cuboidal shape as, such as tarsus, carpus
what is the metaphysis
the area of growth between the diaphysis and the epiphysis
what is the medulla of the bone
the bone marrow
what are the bone markings
this is where the tendons, ligaments, or fascia are attached
arteries are adjacent to here
what are bone formations
this is the passage of a tendon to improve leverage of the bone
what is the capitulum
rounded protuberance such as on the humerus
what is the condyle
large prominence providing structural support overlying hyaline cartilage such as in the femur
what is the crest of the bone
raised or prominent part of the edge of the bone like in the iliac crest
what is the epicondyle
rounded protuberance at the end of bone, for ligaments, tendons and muscles
what is the facet
the symmetrical synovial lined joints with a fibrous capsule that connects teh articular facets of the vertebrae
what is the foramen
a passage or opening between two cavities in bone, like the foreman magnum at the base of the skull
what is a fossa
shallow depression in bone surface like in the scapula
what is the groove
a narrow channel, depression or furrow such as found in the humerus
what is the head of the bone
this is the tip, like the femoral head
which bone has a line
tibia