Cranial Conditions Flashcards
What are symptoms of optic neuritis?
Pain on eye movement
Reduced visual activity
Reduced colour vision
What is optic neuritis associated with?
Multiple sclerosis
What causes optic neuritis?
Demylemation within optic nerve
Mononuclear vision loss
What innervation causes constriction of pupil?
Parasympathetic
What does loss of parasympathetic input to pupil cause?
Fixed dilated pupil
What nerve is affected in a fixed large pupil?
Complete third nerve palsy
What can cause a dilated pupil?
What causes small pupils?
What is Horner’s syndrome? (Cause and symptoms)
Can be caused by a tumour at the top of the lung
partial ptosis (drooping or falling of upper eyelid), miosis (constricted pupil), and facial anhidrosis (loss of sweating) due to a disruption in the sympathetic nerve supply.
What is disrupted in hormer’s sysmdrome?
Can’t sweat on effected side of face
What is nystagmus?
a rhythmical, repetitive and involuntary movement of the eyes
What can cause microvascular third nerve palsy?
Diabetes
Hypertension
What can cause compressive third nerve palsy?
Posterior communicating artery aneurysm
Raised ICP
What is the difference in symptoms of microvascular and compressive third nerve palsy?
Microvascular is painless
Compressive is painful
What can cause an isolated sixth nerve palsy?
Idiopathic
Diabetes
Meningitis
Raised intracranial Pressure
